1. Ama-quaternary ammonium salts ayinhlanganisela eyakhiwe ngokufaka ama-athomu amane e-hydrogen kuma-ammonium ion ngamaqembu e-alkyl.
Ziyi-cationic surfactant enezici ezinhle kakhulu ze-bactericidal, futhi ingxenye ephumelelayo yomsebenzi wabo we-bactericidal yiqembu le-cationic elakhiwe inhlanganisela yezimpande eziphilayo nama-athomu e-nitrogen.
2. Kusukela ngo-1935, lapho amaJalimane ethola umphumela obulala amagciwane we-alkyl dimethyl ammonium gasification, ayisebenzisela ukwelapha iyunifomu yezempi ukuze avimbele ukungenwa kwezilonda. Ucwaningo ngezinto ezilwa namagciwane kasawoti we-quaternary ammonium belulokhu lugxile kakhulu ekunakeni kwabacwaningi. Izinto ezilwa namagciwane ezilungiswe ngosawoti we-quaternary ammonium zinezakhiwo ezinhle zokulwa namagciwane futhi zingasetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi efana nemithi, ukwelashwa kwamanzi, nokudla.
3. Imisebenzi ye-quaternary ammonium salts ihlanganisa:
Ama-fungicides ezolimo, izibulala-magciwane zendawo yomphakathi, izibulala-magciwane ezijikelezayo emanzini, izibulala-magciwane ze-aquaculture, izibulala-magciwane zezokwelapha, izibulala-magciwane ezifuywayo nezinkukhu, izibulala-magciwane ezibomvu ze-red tide, izibulala-magciwane ze-algae eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nezinye izinkambu zokubulala amagciwane. Ikakhulukazi usawoti we-Gemini quaternary ammonium unemiphumela evelele yokubulala amagciwane kanye nezindleko eziphansi zizonke.
I-Tetrabutylammonium bromide(TBAB), eyaziwa nangokuthi i-tetrabutylammonium bromide.
Usawoti ophilayo onefomula yamangqamuzana u-C ₁₆ H36I-BrN.
Umkhiqizo ohlanzekile uyikristalu emhlophe noma impushana, ene-deliquescence kanye nephunga elikhethekile. Izinzile ezingeni lokushisa legumbi kanye nomfutho womoya. Incibilika emanzini, utshwala, ne-acetone, inyibilika kancane ku-benzene.
Cisetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile njengendawo emaphakathi ku-organic synthesis, i-catalyst yokudlulisa isigaba, kanye ne-ion pair reagent.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-02-2025