Inani le-potassium diformate ekufuyweni kwezinkukhu:

Umphumela obalulekile we-antibacterial (ukunciphisa i-Escherichia coli ngaphezu kwama-30%), ukuthuthukisa izinga lokuguqulwa kokuphakelayo ngo-5-8%, esikhundleni semithi elwa namagciwane ukunciphisa izinga lohudo ngama-42%. Isisindo sezinkukhu zama-broiler singama-80-120 amagremu inkukhu ngayinye, izinga lokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda ezinkukhu ezizalelayo lenyuka ngo-2-3%, futhi izinzuzo ezibanzi zenyuka ngo-8% -12%, okuwumphumelelo obalulekile ekulimeni okuluhlaza.

I-potassium diformate, njengohlobo olusha lwesithasiselo sokuphakelayo, lubonise ukubaluleka kwesicelo esibalulekile emkhakheni wokufuywa kwezinkukhu eminyakeni yamuva. I-antibacterial yayo eyingqayizivele, ekhuthaza ukukhula, kanye nezinqubo zokuthuthukisa impilo yamathumbu inikeza isisombululo esisha sokufuywa kwezinkukhu ezinempilo.

1, Izakhiwo ezingokomzimba namakhemikhali kanye nesisekelo sokusebenza se-potassium diformate

I-potassium diformateiyinhlanganisela ye-crystalline eyakhiwe inhlanganisela ye-formic acid ne-potassium diformate ku-molar ratio ye-1: 1, ne-molecular formula CHKO ₂. Ibonakala njengempushana emhlophe ecwebezelayo futhi incibilika kalula emanzini. Lo sawoti we-organic acid uhlala uzinzile ezindaweni ezine-acidic, kodwa ungahlukanisa futhi ukhulule i-formic acid ne-potassium diformate ezindaweni ezingathathi hlangothi noma ezibuthakathaka ze-alkaline (njengamathumbu enkukhu). Inani layo eliyingqayizivele lilele eqinisweni lokuthi i-formic acid iwuchungechunge olufushane lwamafutha acid anomsebenzi onamandla wokulwa namagciwane phakathi kwama-organic acid aziwayo, kuyilapho ama-ion e-potassium engeza ama-electrolyte, futhi kokubili kusebenza ndawonye.

Umphumela we-antibacterial wei-potassium diformatengokuyinhloko kufinyelelwa ngezindlela ezintathu:

Ama-molecule e-formic acid ahlukanisiwe angangena kuma-cell membranes, anciphise i-pH ye-intracellular, futhi aphazamise izinhlelo ze-microbial enzyme kanye nokuthuthwa kwezakhi;
I-formic acid engaxazululiwe ingena kumaseli ebhaktheriya bese ibola ibe yi-H ⁺ ne-HCOO ⁻, iphazamise ukwakheka kwama-nucleic acid ebhaktheriya, ikakhulukazi ebonisa imiphumela ebalulekile evimbela amagciwane e-Gram negative njenge-Salmonella ne-Escherichia coli.

Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukwengeza u-0.6% we-potassium formate kunganciphisa inani le-Escherichia coli ku-cecum yezinkukhu ze-broiler ngaphezu kuka-30%;

Ngokuvimbela ukwanda kwamabhaktheriya ayingozi, ukukhuthaza ngokungaqondile ukuhlanganiswa kwamabhaktheriya anenzuzo njenge-lactic acid bacteria, nokuthuthukisa ibhalansi ye-microbiota yamathumbu.

2. Indlela ewumongo yokusebenza ekufuyweni kwezinkukhu
1. Izakhiwo ezisebenzayo zokulwa namagciwane, ukunciphisa umthwalo we-pathogen

Umphumela we-antibacterial we-potassium diformate utholakala ikakhulukazi ngezindlela ezintathu:
Ama-molecule e-formic acid ahlukanisiwe angangena kuma-cell membranes, anciphise i-pH ye-intracellular, futhi aphazamise izinhlelo ze-microbial enzyme kanye nokuthuthwa kwezakhi;
I-formic acid engaxazululiwe ingena kumaseli ebhaktheriya bese ibola ibe yi-H ⁺ ne-HCOO ⁻, iphazamise ukwakheka kwama-nucleic acid ebhaktheriya, ikakhulukazi ebonisa imiphumela ebalulekile evimbela amagciwane e-Gram negative njenge-Salmonella ne-Escherichia coli. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukwengeza u-0.6% we-potassium diformate kunganciphisa inani le-Escherichia coli ku-cecum yezinkukhu ze-broiler ngaphezu kuka-30%;
Ngokuvimbela ukwanda kwamabhaktheriya ayingozi, ukukhuthaza ngokungaqondile ukuhlanganiswa kwamabhaktheriya anenzuzo njenge-lactic acid bacteria, nokuthuthukisa ibhalansi ye-microbiota yamathumbu.

2. Thuthukisa umsebenzi wokugaya futhi uthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokuphakelayo

Yehlisa inani le-pH lepheshana lesisu, yenza i-pepsinogen isebenze, futhi ikhuthaze ukuwohloka kwamaprotheni;
Khuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwama-enzyme okugaya ku-pancreas, kuthuthukise izinga lokugaya isitashi namafutha. Idatha yokuhlola ibonisa ukuthi ukwengeza u-0.5% we-potassium diformate ekudleni kwezinkukhu kungakhuphula izinga lokuguqulwa kokuphakelayo ngo-5-8%;

Vikela ukwakheka kwe-intestinal villus futhi ukwandise indawo yokumunca yamathumbu amancane. Ukubhekwa kwe-electron microscopy kwembula ukuthi ukuphakama kwe-villus ye-jejunum ezinkukhwini zenyama ephathwa nge-potassium formate kukhuphuke ngo-15% -20% uma kuqhathaniswa neqembu lokulawula.

Umnyango Wezolimo wase-China (2019). Yehlisa izinga lohudo ngokusebenzisa izindlela eziningi. Ocwaningweni lwezinsuku ezingama-35 ubudala lwenyamazane yenyama emhlophe, ukungezwa ngo-0.8%i-potassium diformatekunciphise izinga lohudo ngamaphesenti angama-42 uma kuqhathaniswa neqembu elingenalutho, futhi umphumela wawufana noweqembu lama-antibiotic.
3, Izinzuzo zohlelo lokusebenza ekukhiqizeni kwangempela

1. Ukusebenza ekufuyweni kwezinkukhu
Ukusebenza kokukhula: Ezinsukwini ezingu-42 ubudala, isilinganiso sokuzuza kwesisindo sokuhlatshwa singama-80-120 amagremu, futhi ukufana kuthuthukiswa ngamaphesenti angu-5;

Ukuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi yenyama: kunciphisa ukulahlekelwa ukuvuza kwemisipha yesifuba futhi kwandise impilo yeshalofu. Lokhu kungase kuhlobane nokwehliswa kwayo kokucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative, amazinga e-serum MDA ehla ngo-25%;

Izinzuzo zomnotho: Kubalwa ngokusekelwe ezindlekweni zamanje zokudla, inkukhu ngayinye ingakhuphula isamba semali engenayo ngo-0.3-0.5 yuan.
2. Isicelo ku-Egg Chicken Production
Izinga lokukhiqiza amaqanda likhuphuka ngo-2-3%, ikakhulukazi ezinkukhu ezizalelayo emva kwesikhathi esiphezulu;

Ukuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi yegobolondo lamaqanda, ngokuncipha kwamaphesenti angu-0.5-1 ekuqhekekeni kwamaqanda, ngenxa yokwanda kokumuncwa kwe-calcium;

Yehlisa kakhulu ukugcwala kwe-ammonia endle (30% -40%) futhi uthuthukise indawo yasendlini.

Isigameko sokuvuvukala kwenkaba yenkukhu sehla, futhi izinga lokusinda lezinsuku ezingu-7 lenyuka ngo-1.5-2%.

4. Uhlelo lokusetshenziswa kwesayensi nezinyathelo zokuphepha
1. Inani elengeziwe elinconyiwe

Inyama yenkukhu: 0.5% -1.2% (iphezulu esigabeni sokuqala, iphansi esigabeni sakamuva);
Izinkukhu ezibeka amaqanda: 0.3% -0.6%;
Izithasiselo zamanzi okuphuza: 0.1% -0.2% (ozosetshenziswa kanye nezithasiselo ze-asidi).

2. Amakhono okuhambisana
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-synergistic nama-probiotics kanye namafutha abalulekile ezitshalo kungathuthukisa umphumela;
Gwema ukuxubana okuqondile nezinto ezine-alkaline (njengesoda yokubhaka);
Inani lethusi elifakwe ekudleni okuphezulu kwethusi kufanele lenyuke ngo-10% -15%.

3. Amaphuzu abalulekile okulawula ikhwalithi
Khetha imikhiqizo enobumsulwa obungu-≥ 98%, futhi ukungcola (okufana nezinsimbi ezisindayo) kufanele kuhambisane nesilinganiso se-GB/T 27985;
Gcina endaweni epholile neyomile, sebenzisa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ngemva kokuvula;
Naka ibhalansi yemithombo ye-calcium ekudleni, njengoba ukudla ngokweqile kungase kuthinte ukumuncwa kwamaminerali.

5. Amathrendi Okuthuthukisa Ikusasa
Ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokudla okunembayo, ukwakheka okukhishwa kancane kanye nemikhiqizo ehlanganiswe ne-microencapsulated ye-potassium diformate kuzoba inkomba yocwaningo nentuthuko. Ngaphansi komkhuba wokunciphisa ukumelana nama-antibiotic ekufuyweni kwezinkukhu, ukuhlanganiswa kwama-oligosaccharides asebenzayo kanye namalungiselelo e-enzyme kuzothuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kwezinkukhu. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ucwaningo lwakamuva olwenziwa yi-Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences ngo-2024 lwathola ukuthi i-potassium formate ingase ithuthukise ukungatheleleki kwamathumbu ngokulawula indlela yokusayina ye-TLR4/NF - κ B, inikeze isisekelo esisha sethiyori sokuthuthukiswa kwayo kokusebenza.

Ukuzijwayeza kubonise ukuthi ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo kwei-potassium diformateingakhuphula izinzuzo eziphelele zokufuywa kwezinkukhu ngo-8% -12%, kodwa ukusebenza kwayo kuphazanyiswa izici ezifana nokuphathwa kokudla kanye nokwakheka kokudla okuyisisekelo.

Abalimi kufanele benze izivivinyo ze-gradient ngokusekelwe ezimeni zabo ukuze bathole uhlelo olungcono kakhulu lokusebenzisa futhi basebenzise ngokugcwele ukubaluleka kwezomnotho kanye nemvelo kwalesi sithasiselo esiluhlaza.