Izikhanga ezinamandla aphezuluI-DMPTfuthiI-DMTzikhanga ezintsha nezisebenzayo zezilwane zasemanzini. Kulolu cwaningo, abakhanga bamandla aphezuluI-DMPTfuthiI-DMTzengezwe ekudleni kwe-carp ukuze kuphenywe imiphumela yezikhanga ezimbili ekuphakeleni kwe-carp nokukhuthazwa kokukhula. Imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi ukungezwa kwezikhanga ezinamandla aphezuluI-DMPTfuthiI-DMTekuphakeleni kwandisa kakhulu imvamisa yokuluma kwezinhlanzi zokuhlola futhi kwaba nomphumela obalulekile wokondla; Ngasikhathi sinye, ukwengezwa kokugxilwa okuhlukile kokukhanga okunamandla aphezuluI-DMPTfuthiI-DMTekuphakeleni kwandisa kakhulu izinga lokuzuza isisindo, izinga elithile lokukhula, nezinga lokusinda kwezinhlanzi ezihlolwayo, kuyilapho i-coefficient yokuphakelayo yehla kakhulu. Imiphumela yocwaningo nayo iyakuveza lokhoI-DMPTkunomthelela obalulekile ekuheheni nasekukhuthazeni ukukhula kwe-carp uma kuqhathaniswaI-DMT.

Isilwane esiheha ukudla kwezilwane zasemanzini siyisithasiselo esingenamsoco. Ukwengeza izinto ezikhangayo ukuze ziphakele izinhlanzi kungase kukhuthaze ukudla kwazo ngokuphumelelayo, kwandise ukudla kwazo, kunciphise ukudla okusele emanzini, futhi ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise ukungcoliswa kwemvelo emanzini.I-DMPTfuthiI-DMTyizinto ezisebenzayo ezitholakala kabanzi ezintweni zasolwandle, ezisebenza njengabanikeli be-methyl abaphumelelayo kanye nezilawuli ezibalulekile ze-osmotic pressure. Baphinde babe nemithelela ebalulekile yokudla kanye nokukhula ezilwaneni zasemanzini.

Ngemva kokwenza izifundo ezifanele ngezilwane zasemanzini ezifana ne-crucian carp, red snapper, goldfish, nezimfanzi ezinamabala, abacwaningi baseJapane bathola ukuthiI-DMPTfuthiI-DMTabe nemiphumela emihle ekhangayo emanzini angenasawoti kanye nezinhlanzi zasolwandle, ama-crustaceans, ne-shellfish. Ukwengeza ukugxila okuphansi kwabakhangayo bamandla aphezuluI-DMPTfuthiI-DMTekuphakeleni kungasheshisa kakhulu ukudla nokukhula kwezinhlanzi zamanzi ahlanzekile nezasolwandle ezihlukahlukene. Kulesi sivivinyo, izikhanga ezinamandla aphezuluI-DMPTfuthiI-DMTzengezwe ku-carp feed ukutadisha imiphumela yazo ekuphakeleni uhlobo lwenhlazi yasemanzini kanye nokukhuthazwa kokukhula, ukuhlinzeka ngedatha yereferensi yokusetshenziswa okubanzi kwalezi zikhanga ezimbili ezintsha ezimbonini zokuphakelayo nezasemanzini.

1 Izinto kanye Nezindlela

1.1 Izinto zokuhlola kanye nezinhlanzi zokuhlola
S. S' - Dimethylacetic acid thiazole (I-DMT), DMPT
I-carp yokuhlola ithathwe epulazini le-aquaculture, enemizimba enempilo kanye nokucaciswa kahle. Ngaphambi kokuthi ukuhlolwa kuqale ngokusemthethweni, izinhlanzi zokuhlola zizokhuliswa okwesikhashana elabhorethri izinsuku eziyi-7, lapho zizophakelwa ukudla kwe-carp okuhlinzekwe yifekthri yokuphakelayo.
1.2 Okuphakelayo kokuhlola
1.2.1 Isiphakeli sokuhlola i-Lure: Gcoba isifunzo se-carp esinikezwe imboni yokuphakelayo, engeza inani elilinganayo le-A-starch, hlanganisa ngokulinganayo, bese uxuba nenani elifanele lamanzi acwecwe ukuze wenze amabhola anamathelayo angu-5g ngalinye njengeqembu elilawulayo lokuphakelayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, lungisa ukudla kwe-bait ngokuchoboza ukudla kwe-carp kuqala, wengeze inani elilinganayo le-alpha isitashi, bese wengeza i-bait DMT kanyeI-DMPTekugxilweni okubili kwe-0.5g/kg no-1g/kg, ngokulandelana. Hlanganisa ngokulinganayo bese uxuba nenani elifanele lamanzi acwecwe ukuze wenze ibhola elinamathelayo elingu-5g ngalinye.
1.2.2 Isiphakeli sokuhlola ukukhula:

Gcoba okuphakelayo kwenhlazi yasemfuleni (kusuka emthonjeni ofanayo nongenhla) kube yimpushana, kudlulise ngesihlungo se-60 mesh, engeza inani elilinganayo lesitashi se-alpha, uhlanganise kahle, uhlanganise namanzi acwecwe, ukhame kusisefo ube yizinhlayiyana, futhi usule ngomoya ukuze uthole ukudla kweqembu lokulawula ukuhlolwa kokukhula. I-synthesizedI-DMTkanye namakristalu e-DMPT ahlakazwa emanzini ancibilikisiwe ukuze kulungiswe isixazululo sokugxila okufanele, esasetshenziselwa ukuxuba ukudla okuxutshwe kahle kwe-carp kanye nesitashi kuma-granules. Ngemuva kokoma, ukudla kweqembu lokuhlola kwatholakala, ngeI-DMTkanye ne-DMPT yengezwe ngama-gradient amathathu okugxilisa ingqondo ka-0.1g/kg, 0.2g/kg, kanye no-0.3g/kg, ngokulandelana.

1.3 Indlela Yokuhlola
1.3.1 Ukuhlolwa kwe-Lure: Khetha i-carp yokuhlola engu-5 (enesisindo esimaphakathi esingu-30g) njengenhlanzi yokuhlola. Ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, bulawa indlala amahora angu-24, bese ubeka inhlanzi yokuhlola ku-aquarium yengilazi (enobukhulu obungama-40 × 30 × 25cm). Isiphakeli sokudoba simiswa ebangeni elingu-5.0cm ukusuka phansi kwe-aquarium kusetshenziswa umugqa olengayo oboshelwe kubha evundlile. Inhlanzi iluma isiyelo bese idlidliza ulayini, odluliselwa endaweni evundlile futhi iqoshwe isiqophamazwi samasondo. Imvamisa yokuluma i-bait ibalwa ngokusekelwe ekudlidlizeni okuphezulu kwezinhlanzi zokuhlola ezi-5 eziluma isiyengo phakathi kwemizuzu emi-2. Ukuhlolwa kokuphakela kweqembu ngalinye lokudla kwaphindwa izikhathi ezintathu, kusetshenziswa amabhola anamathelayo okuphakelayo asanda kulungiswa isikhathi ngasinye. Ngokwenza izivivinyo eziphindaphindiwe ukuze kutholwe inani eliphelele kanye nesilinganiso sokuvama kokuncenga, umphumela wokudla weI-DMTkanye ne-DMPT ku-carp ingahlolwa.

1.3.2 Ukuhlolwa kokukhula kusebenzisa izingilazi ze-aquarium eziyi-8 (usayizi 55 × 45 × 50cm), ezinokujula kwamanzi okungama-40cm, izinga lokushisa lamanzi emvelo, kanye nokwehla kwamandla emali okuqhubekayo. Izinhlanzi zokuhlola zabelwa ngokungahleliwe futhi zahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili okuhlolwa. Iqembu lokuqala liqukethe ama-aquariums amane, anenombolo X1 (iqembu lokulawula), i-X2 (0.1gDMT/kg feed), X3 (0.2gDMT/kg feed), X4 (0.3gDMT/kg feed); Elinye iqembu lama-aquariums angu-4, elinenombolo ethi Y1 (iqembu lokulawula), Y2 (0.10g DMPT/kg feed), Y3 (0.2g DMPT/kg feed), Y4 (0.30g DMPT/kg feed). Izinhlanzi ezingama-20 ngebhokisi ngalinye, ziphakelwa izikhathi ezi-3 ngosuku ngo-8:00, 13:00, no-17:00, ngesilinganiso sokudla sansuku zonke sika-5-7% wesisindo somzimba. Ukuhlolwa kuthathe amaviki angu-6. Ekuqaleni nasekupheleni kokuhlolwa, isisindo esimanzi senhlanzi yokuhlola salinganiswa futhi izinga lokusinda leqembu ngalinye larekhodwa.

2.1 Umthelela wokondla we-DMPT kanyeI-DMTku-carp
Umthelela wokudla we-DMPT kanyeI-DMTku-carp kuboniswa imvamisa yokuluma kwezinhlanzi zokuhlola phakathi nokuhlolwa kwemizuzu emi-2, njengoba kuboniswe kuThebula 1. Ukuhlolwa kwathola ukuthi ngemva kokwengeza i-DMPT ne-DMT feed ku-aquarium, inhlanzi yokuhlola yabonisa ngokushesha ukuziphatha okusebenzayo kokudla, kuyilapho lapho isebenzisa ukudla kweqembu lokulawula, ukusabela kwenhlanzi yokuhlola kwakuhamba kancane. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuphakelayo kokulawula, inhlanzi yokuhlola ibe nokwanda okukhulu kwemvamisa yokuluma okuphakelayo kokuhlola. I-DMT ne-DMPT zinemiphumela ekhangayo ebalulekile kunhlazi yemfucuza yokuhlola.

Izinga lokuzuza isisindo, izinga elithile lokukhula, kanye nezinga lokusinda le-carp edla ngokugxila okuhlukile kwe-DMPT kwakhushulwa kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nalezo eziphakelwa ngokuphakelayo kokulawula, kuyilapho i-coefficient yokuphakelayo yehliswa kakhulu. Phakathi kwabo, ukungezwa kwe-DMPT ku-T2, T3, ne-T4 kwandise ukuzuza kwesisindo sansuku zonke samaqembu amathathu ngo-52.94%, 78.43%, no-113.73%, ngokulandelana, uma kuqhathaniswa neqembu lokulawula. Izinga lokuzuza kwesisindo se-T2, T3, ne-T4 likhuphuke ngo-60.44%, 73.85%, no-98.49%, ngokulandelana, futhi amazinga athile okukhula akhuphuke ngo-41.22%, 51.15%, no-60.31%, ngokulandelana. Amazinga okusinda anyuke esuka ku-90% aya ku-95%, futhi ama-feed coefficients ehle ngo-28.01%, 29.41%, no-33.05%, ngokulandelana.

3. Isiphetho

Kulesi sivivinyo, nomaI-DMTnoma i-DMPT yengezwe, imvamisa yokudla, izinga lokukhula elithile, kanye nokuzuza kwesisindo sansuku zonke sezinhlanzi zokuhlola eqenjini ngalinye kwanda kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa neqembu lokulawula, kuyilapho i-coefficient yokuphakelayo yehla kakhulu. Futhi noma ngabe i-DMT noma i-DMPT, umthelela okhuthaza ukukhula uba mkhulu ngokunyuka kwenani elingeziwe ekugxiliseni okuthathu okungu-0.1g/kg, 0.2g/kg, kanye no-0.3g/kg. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuqhathaniswa kokuphakelayo nokukhula kwemiphumela ye-DMT ne-DMPT kwenziwa. Kutholwe ukuthi ngaphansi kwesilinganiso esifanayo sokugunda izinwele, imvamisa yokudla, isilinganiso sokuzuza isisindo, kanye nezinga elithile lokukhula kwezinhlanzi zokuhlola eqenjini lokuphakelayo le-DMPT kwanda kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa neqembu lokuphakelayo le-DMT, kuyilapho i-coefficient yokuphakelayo yancishiswa kakhulu. Uma kuqhathaniswa, i-DMPT inomphumela obaluleke kakhulu ekuheheni nasekukhuthazeni ukukhula kwe-carp uma kuqhathaniswa ne-DMT. Lokhu kuhlolwa kusebenzise i-DMPT kanye ne-DMT engezwe kokuphakelayo kwe-carp ukuze kuhlolwe ukuphakela kwazo kanye nemithelela ekhuthaza ukukhula. Imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi i-DMPT ne-DMT zinamathuba abanzi okusebenza njengesizukulwane esisha sezilwane eziheha izilwane zasemanzini.