Ama-surfactant ayisigaba sezinto zamakhemikhali ezisetshenziswa kakhulu empilweni yansuku zonke kanye nasekukhiqizweni kwezimboni.

Zinezici zokunciphisa ukucindezelwa kobuso boketshezi nokuthuthukisa ikhono lokusebenzisana phakathi koketshezi nokuqina noma igesi.

I-TMAO, i-Trimethylamine oxide, i-dihydrate, i-CAS NO.: 62637-93-8, iyi-ejenti esebenzayo ebusweni kanye nama-surfactants, ingasetshenziswa ezintweni zokuhlanza.

Ama-oxidants abuthakathaka e-TMAO

I-Trimethylamine oxide, njenge-oxidant ebuthakathaka, isetshenziswa ekuphenduleni kwamakhemikhali ukuze kuhlanganiswe ama-aldehydes, kufakwe i-oxidation kuma-boranes e-organic, kanye nokukhishwa kwama-ligand e-organic avela kuma-iron carbonyl compounds.

•  Ukwakheka kwama-surfactants

Ama-surfactant ahlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili: amaqembu athanda amanzi kanye namaqembu athanda amanzi. Iqembu elithanda amanzi yiqembu elithanda amanzi elihlanganiswe ngama-athomu afana nomoya-mpilo, i-nitrogen, noma i-sulfur athanda amanzi. Amaqembu athanda amanzi ayizingxenye ezithanda amanzi, ngokuvamile akhiwa amaqembu angewona athanda amanzi njenge-alkyl ende noma amaqembu e-aromatic. Lesi sakhiwo sivumela ama-surfactant ukuthi asebenzisane nezinto zamanzi kanye nezinto ezithanda amanzi njengama-oyela.

•  Indlela yokusebenza kwama-surfactants

Ama-surfactant akha ungqimba lwama-molecule phezu koketshezi, olwaziwa ngokuthi ungqimba lokumunca. Ukwakheka kongqimba lokumunca kungenxa yokwakheka kwezibopho ze-hydrogen phakathi kwamaqembu athanda amanzi ama-molecule e-surfactant nama-molecule amanzi, kuyilapho amaqembu athanda amanzi exhumana nama-molecule omoya noma kawoyela. Lo ngqimba lokumunca amanzi lunganciphisa ukucindezeleka koketshezi, okwenza kube lula ukuthi uketshezi lumanzise ubuso obuqinile.

Ama-surfactant angakha nezakhiwo ze-micelle. Uma ukugcwala kwe-surfactant kudlula ukugcwala kwe-micelle okubalulekile, ama-molecule e-surfactant azohlangana ngokwawo ukuze akhe ama-micelle. Ama-Micelles ayizakhiwo ezincane eziyindilinga ezakhiwe amaqembu athanda amanzi abhekene nesigaba samanzi kanye namaqembu athanda amanzi abhekene ngaphakathi. Ama-Micelles angahlanganisa izinto ezithanda amanzi abandayo njenge-oyili futhi azisakaze esigabeni samanzi, ngaleyo ndlela afeze imiphumela yokuxuba, ukusabalalisa, kanye nokuncibilikisa.

• Amasimu okusetshenziswa kwama-surfactants

1. I-ejenti yokuhlanza: Ama-surfactant ayisici esiyinhloko sama-ejenti okuhlanza, anganciphisa ukucindezeleka kwamanzi, okwenza kube lula ukuthi amanzi angene futhi angene, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe umphumela wokuhlanza. Isibonelo, ama-ejenti okuhlanza afana ne-detergent yokuwasha kanye ne-detergent yokuwasha izitsha aqukethe ama-surfactant.

2. Imikhiqizo yokunakekelwa komuntu siqu: Ama-surfactants angenza imikhiqizo yokunakekelwa komuntu siqu njenge-shampoo kanye ne-shower gel ikhiqize igwebu elicebile, okuhlinzeka ngemiphumela emihle yokuhlanza nokuhlanza.

3. Izimonyo: Ama-surfactants adlala indima ekuhlanganiseni, ekuhlakazeni nasekuqiniseni izimonyo. Isibonelo, ama-emulsifiers nama-dispersants ku-lotion, ukhilimu wobuso kanye nezimonyo kuyi-surfactants.

4. Izibulala-zinambuzane kanye nezithasiselo zezolimo: Ama-surfactants angathuthukisa ukumanzisa kanye nokuvuleka kwezibulala-zinambuzane, athuthukise ukumuncwa kwazo kanye nemiphumela yokungenela kwazo, futhi athuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwezibulala-zinambuzane.

5. Imboni kaphethiloli namakhemikhali: Ama-surfactants adlala indima ebalulekile ezinqubweni ezifana nokukhishwa kukaphethiloli, ukujova amanzi e-oyili, kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwamanzi kaphethiloli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-surfactants asetshenziswa kabanzi ezintweni zokugcoba, izithibi zokugqwala, ama-emulsifier, kanye neminye imikhakha.

Isifinyezo:

Ama-surfactant uhlobo lwezinto zamakhemikhali ezinekhono lokunciphisa ukungezwani koketshezi ebusweni futhi zithuthukise ukusebenzisana phakathi koketshezi kanye nokuqina noma igesi. Isakhiwo sawo sakhiwe amaqembu athanda amanzi kanye nathanda amanzi, angakha izendlalelo zokumunca kanye nezakhiwo ze-micelle. Ama-surfactant asetshenziswa kabanzi ezintweni zokuhlanza, imikhiqizo yokunakekela umuntu siqu, izimonyo, izibulala-zinambuzane kanye nezengezo zezolimo, izimboni zikaphethiloli namakhemikhali, kanye neminye imikhakha. Ngokuqonda izimiso zamakhemikhali zama-surfactant, singaqonda kangcono ukusetshenziswa kwawo kanye nezindlela zokusebenza emikhakheni ehlukahlukene.