I-L-carnitine, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-vitamin BT, iyisakhi esifana ne-vithamini esitholakala ngokwemvelo ezilwaneni. Embonini yokudla, ibilokhu isetshenziswa kabanzi njengesithako esibalulekile sokudla amashumi eminyaka. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukusebenza "njengemoto yokuthutha," iletha ama-fatty acid amade ku-mitochondria ukuze ashise futhi abole, ngaleyo ndlela ikhiqize amandla.

Okulandelayo yizinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinhloko kanye nezindima ze-L-carnitine ekudleni kwezilwane okuhlukahlukene:

1. Isicelo kuukudla kwezilwane kanye nezinkukhu.

• Ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kokukhula kokudla kwezingulube: Ukwengeza i-L-carnitine ekudleni kwezingulube ezincane kanye nokukhulisa nokukhuluphalisa izingulube kungandisa ukukhuluphala kwansuku zonke kanye nesilinganiso sokuguqulwa kokudla. Kusindisa amaprotheni ngokukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha, okwenza izilwane zikhule zibe zincane futhi zibe nekhwalithi engcono yenyama.
• Ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokuzala kwezingulube: Izingulube ezigciniwe: ukukhuthaza i-estrus nokwandisa izinga lokuvuthwa. Izingulube ezikhulelwe nezincelisayo: zisiza ekulawuleni amafutha omzimba, zinciphise ukwehla kwesisindo ngesikhathi sokuncelisa, zandise ukukhiqizwa kobisi, ngaleyo ndlela zithuthukise isisindo sokuncelisa izingulube kanye nesilinganiso sokusinda. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kusiza ukunciphisa isikhathi se-estrus ngemva kokuncelisa.
• Ukuqeda ukucindezeleka: Ngaphansi kwezimo zokucindezeleka ezifana nokulunyulwa, ukulunyulwa, kanye nokushisa okuphezulu, i-L-carnitine ingasiza izilwane ukuthi zisebenzise amandla ngendlela ephumelela kakhulu, zilondoloze impilo kanye nokukhiqiza.

2. Ukudla kwezinkukhu (izinkukhu, amadada, njll.)amadada enyama/ama-broiler:

• Kuthuthukisa ukukhuluphala kanye nokusebenza kahle kokudla: kukhuthaza ukugaywa kwamafutha, kunciphisa ukwakheka kwamafutha esiswini, kwandisa iphesenti lemisipha yesifuba kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemisipha yemilenze.
• Thuthukisa ikhwalithi yenyama: nciphisa okuqukethwe kwamafutha futhi wandise okuqukethwe kwamaprotheni. Izinkukhu/izinkukhu ezizalela amaqanda: khulisa izinga lokukhiqiza amaqanda: nikeza amandla engeziwe okukhula kwe-follicle.
• Ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yamaqanda: kungandisa isisindo samaqanda futhi kuthuthukise amazinga okukhulelwa kanye nokuchamisela kwamaqanda achamisela.

Ⅱ Ukufakwa kokudla kwasemanzini:

Umphumela wokusetshenziswa kwe-L-carnitine ekufuyweni kwezinhlanzi ubaluleke kakhulu, njengoba izinhlanzi (ikakhulukazi izinhlanzi ezidla inyama) zincike kakhulu emafutheni namaprotheni njengemithombo yamandla.

Khuthaza ukukhula: kwandisa kakhulu izinga lokukhula kanye nokwanda kwesisindo sezinhlanzi kanye nezimfanzi.

• Ukuthuthukisa ukuma komzimba kanye nekhwalithi yenyama: ukukhuthaza ukugcinwa kwamaprotheni, ukuvimbela ukuqongelela ngokweqile kwamafutha emzimbeni nasesibindini, okwenza izinhlanzi zibe nesimo somzimba esingcono, zikhiqize inyama eningi, futhi zivimbele ngempumelelo isibindi esinamafutha anempilo.
• Ukonga amaprotheni: Ngokusebenzisa amafutha ngendlela ephumelelayo ekuhlinzekeni amandla, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamaprotheni ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa amazinga amaprotheni okuphakelayo futhi konge izindleko.
• Thuthukisa ukusebenza kokuzala: Thuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-gonadal kanye nekhwalithi yesidoda senhlanzi engumzali.

Ⅲ. Isicelo ekuphakeleni izilwane ezifuywayo

• Ukulawula isisindo: Ezilwaneni ezikhuluphele kakhulu, i-L-carnitine ingabasiza ukuthi bashise amafutha ngempumelelo futhi ivame kakhulu ekudleni kokunciphisa isisindo.
• Ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo: Ama-cardiomyocyte athembele kakhulu kuma-fatty acid ukuze anikeze amandla, kanti i-L-carnitine ibalulekile ekugcineni impilo yenhliziyo futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa njengokwelashwa okusizayo kwe-cardiomyopathy evulekile ezinjeni.
• Ukuthuthukisa ukukhuthazela kokuzivocavoca: Ezinjeni ezisebenzayo, ezinjeni zomjaho, noma ezifuywayo ezisebenzayo, kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kwazo kwezemidlalo kanye nokumelana nokukhathala.
• Sekela impilo yesibindi: khuthaza ukugaywa kwamafutha esibindi futhi uvimbele ukugcinwa kwamafutha esibindini.

Ⅳ. Isifinyezo sendlela yokusebenza:

• Ingqikithi ye-metabolism yamandla: njengomthwali, ithutha ama-fatty acids amaketanga amade ukusuka ku-cytoplasm kuya ku-mitochondrial matrix ukuze kufakwe i-beta oxidation, okuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekuguqulweni kwamafutha abe amandla.

• Ukulungisa isilinganiso se-CoA/acetyl CoA ku-mitochondria: kusiza ukuqeda amaqembu e-acetyl amaningi akhiqizwa ngesikhathi sezinqubo ze-metabolic kanye nokugcina ukusebenza okuvamile kwe-mitochondrial metabolic.

• Umphumela wokonga amaprotheni: Uma amafutha engasetshenziswa kahle, amaprotheni angasetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhuleni kwemisipha nasekulungiseni izicubu, kunokuba ahlukaniswe abe amandla.

Ⅴ. Engeza izinyathelo zokuphepha:

• Inani lokwengeza: Umklamo onembile uyadingeka ngokusekelwe ezinhlotsheni zezilwane, isigaba sokukhula, isimo somzimba, kanye nemigomo yokukhiqiza, futhi hhayi uma kukhulu kungcono. Inani elivamile lokwengeza liphakathi kwamagremu angu-50-500 ngethani lokudla.

• Ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko: I-L-carnitine iyisengezo esibiza kakhulu, ngakho-ke inzuzo yayo yezomnotho ezinhlelweni ezithile zokukhiqiza idinga ukuhlolwa.

• Ukusebenzisana nezinye izakhamzimba: Kunomphumela wokusebenzisana ne-betaine, i-choline, amavithamini athile, njll., futhi kungacatshangelwa ndawonye ekwakhiweni kwefomula.

Ⅵ. Isiphetho:

• I-L-carnitine iyisengezo sokudla okunempilo nesiphephile. Idlala indima engenakuphindwa ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kokukhula kwezilwane, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yezidumbu, ukuthuthukisa amandla okuzala, kanye nokugcina impilo ngokuthuthukisa imetabolism yamandla.

• Ekufuyweni kwezinhlanzi okunamandla nokuphumelelayo kwanamuhla, ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo kwe-L-carnitine kungenye yezindlela ezibalulekile zokufeza ukudla okunempilo nokunciphisa izindleko ngenkathi kwandiswa ukusebenza kahle.

I-Trimethylamine hydrochlorideIsetshenziswa kakhulu njenge-reagent ye-alkaline ekusabeleni kwe-quaternization kokwenziwa kwe-L-carnitine, ukulungisa inani le-pH lesistimu yokusabela, ukukhuthaza ukuhlukaniswa kwe-epichlorohydrin, kanye nokwenza lula ukusabela okulandelayo kwe-cyanide.

Indima enqubweni yokwenziwa kwezinto:
Ukulungiswa kwe-PH: Ngesikhathi sesigaba sokusabela kwe-quaternization,i-trimethylamine hydrochlorideikhipha ama-molecule e-ammonia ukuze inciphise izinto ezi-acidic ezikhiqizwa yi-reaction, igcine ukuzinza kwe-pH yesistimu futhi igweme izinto ezi-alkaline eziningi ukuthi zingathinti ukusebenza kahle kwe-reaction.
Ukukhuthaza Isixazululo: Njenge-reagent ye-alkaline, i-trimethylamine hydrochloride ingasheshisa isixazululo se-enantiomeric se-epichlorohydrin futhi ikhulise isivuno somkhiqizo oqondiwe we-L-carnitine.

Ngokulawula imikhiqizo engaphansi kwe-L-carnitine: Ngokulungisa izimo zokusabela, ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo engaphansi kwe-L-carnitine kuyancishiswa, okwenza kube lula izinyathelo zokuhlanza ezilandelayo.