I-Potassium diformate, njengesengezo esisha sokuphakelayo, ibonise amandla abalulekile wohlelo lokusebenza kuimboni yezasemanzinieminyakeni yakamuva. I-antibacterial yayo eyingqayizivele, ekhuthaza ukukhula, kanye nemiphumela yokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yamanzi iyenza ibe enye indlela efanelekile kuma-antibiotics.

1. I-Antibacterial Effects kanye Nokuvimbela Izifo
I-antibacterial mechanism yei-potassium diformateNgokuyinhloko incike ku-asidi ye-formic kanye nama-ion e-formate akhishwa emgudwini wokugaya wesilwane. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi lapho i-pH ingaphansi kuka-4.5, i-potassium diformate ingakhulula ama-molecule e-formic acid anemiphumela eqinile ye-bactericidal. Lesi sakhiwo sibonisa imiphumela ebalulekile yokuvimbela amagciwane avamile e-pathogenic ezilwaneni zasemanzini, njenge-Aeromonas hydrophila ne-Edwardsiella. Isibonelo, ekuhlolweni kokufuywa kwezimfanzi ezimhlophe zasePacific, ukwengeza u-0.6% we-potassium formate ukondla kukhuphule amazinga okusinda kwezimfanzi ngo-12% -15% ngenkathi kunciphisa izehlakalo zokuvuvukala kwamathumbu cishe ngama-30%. Ngokuphawulekayo, ukusebenza kahle kwe-antibacterial ye-potassium diformate kuncike kumthamo, kodwa ukwengeza ngokweqile kungase kuthinte ukunambitheka. Umthamo onconyiwe ngokuvamile usukela ku-0.5% ukuya ku-1.2%.

2. Thuthukisa ukukhula nokuguqulwa kokuphakelayo
I-Potassium diformatekuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokukhula kwezilwane zasemanzini ngezindlela eziningi:
-Yehlisa inani le-pH lomzila wokugaya ukudla, yenza i-pepsinogen isebenze, futhi uthuthukise izinga lokugayeka kokudla kwamaprotheni (idatha yokuhlola ibonisa ukuthi inganyuka ngo-8% -10%);
-Vimbela amabhaktheriya ayingozi, ukhuthaze ukwanda kwamabhaktheriya anenzuzo njenge-lactic acid bacteria, futhi uthuthukise ibhalansi ye-microbiota yamathumbu;
-Thuthukisa ukumuncwa kwamaminerali, ikakhulukazi ukusebenza kahle kwezakhi ezifana ne-calcium ne-phosphorus. Ekulimeni kwe-carp, ukwengeza u-1% we-potassium diformate kungakhuphula ukuzuza kwesisindo sansuku zonke ngo-6.8% futhi kunciphise ukusebenza kahle kokuphakelayo ngo-0.15%. Ukuhlolwa kwe-aquaculture yezimfanzi ezimhlophe zaseNingizimu Melika kuphinde kwabonisa ukuthi iqembu lokuhlola libe nokukhuphuka okungu-11.3% kwesilinganiso sokuzuza isisindo uma kuqhathaniswa neqembu elilawulayo.

3. Umsebenzi wokuthuthukisa izinga lamanzi
Imikhiqizo yokugcina ye-metabolic ye-potassium diformate yi-carbon dioxide namanzi, angahlali endaweni ye-aquaculture. Umphumela wayo we-antibacterial unganciphisa ukukhishwa kwamagciwane e-pathogenic endle, unciphise ngokungaqondile ukugcwala kwe-ammonia nitrogen (NH ∝ - N) ne-nitrite (NO ₂⁻) emanzini. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-potassium diformate feed emachibini e-aquaculture kunciphisa inani le-nitrogen eliphelele emanzini ngo-18% -22% uma kuqhathaniswa neqembu elivamile, elibaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni ze-aquaculture ezinabantu abaningi.

4. Ukuhlolwa kokuvikeleka kwesicelo
1. Ukuphepha okunobuthi
I-Potassium diformate ifakwe ohlwini njengesengezo sokuphakelayo "sokungasiyinsalela" yi-European Union (inombolo yokubhalisa ye-EU E236). Ukuhlolwa kobuthi obukhulu kubonise ukuthi i-LD50 yayo yokudoba ingaphezu kuka-5000 mg/kg wesisindo somzimba, okuyinto engeyona into enobuthi. Ocwaningweni lwezinsuku ezingama-90 lwe-subchronic, okuphakelayo kwe-carp yotshani okuqukethe u-1.5% we-potassium diformate (izikhathi ezi-3 kumthamo onconyiwe) ngaphandle kokungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi noma izinso noma izinguquko ze-histopathological. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kukhona umehluko ekubekezeleni kwezilwane ezihlukene zasemanzini ku-potassium diformate, futhi ama-crustaceans (afana nezimfanzi) ngokuvamile anezinga eliphezulu lokubekezelelana kunezinhlanzi.

2. Izinsalela zenhlangano kanye nezindlela ze-metabolic
Ucwaningo lokulandela umkhondo we-radioisotope lubonise ukuthi i-potassium diformate ingagaywa ngokuphelele ezinhlanzini phakathi namahora angu-24, futhi azikho izinsalela ze-prototype ezingatholwa emisipha. Inqubo yayo ye-metabolic ayikhiqizi izinto ezinobuthi futhi ihlangabezana nezidingo zokuphepha kokudla.

3. Ukuphepha kwemvelo
I-Potassium diformate ingonakaliswa ngokushesha ezindaweni zemvelo ngesigamu sempilo cishe amahora angama-48 (ku-25 ℃). Ukuhlola ubungozi bemvelo kubonisa ukuthi awukho umthelela obalulekile ezitshalweni zasemanzini (ezifana ne-Elodea) kanye ne-plankton ngaphansi kokugxila kokusetshenziswa okuvamile. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ezindaweni zamanzi athambile (ukuqina okuphelele <50 mg/L), umthamo kufanele wehliswe ngokufanelekile ukuze kugwenywe ukushintshashintsha kwe-pH.

4. Isu lokusebenzisa isizini
Kunconywa ukuyisebenzisa kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:
-Inkathi yokushisa ephezulu (ukushisa kwamanzi> 28 ℃) isikhathi esiyingozi kakhulu yezifo;
-Lapho umthamo wamanzi uphezulu ezigabeni ezimaphakathi nezakamuva ze-aquaculture;
-Ngesikhathi sokucindezeleka njengokudlulisa izithombo emachibini noma ukuzihlukanisa zibe amachibi.

I-Potassium diformate, ngemisebenzi yayo eminingi kanye nokuphepha, ilungisa kabusha uhlelo lokuvikela nokulawula izifo kwezasemanzini.

Ngokuzayo, kuyadingeka ukuqinisa ukubambisana kocwaningo lwamanyuvesi embonini, kuthuthukiswe izindinganiso zobuchwepheshe bokusebenzisa, futhi kukhuthaze ukusungulwa kwesixazululo esiphelele senqubo kusukela ekukhiqizweni kokuphakelayo kuya ezikhumulweni zezilwane zasemanzini, ukuze lesi sithasiselo esiluhlaza singadlala indima enkulu ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha kwezilwane zasemanzini futhiukukhangisaukuthuthuka okungashabalali.