I-Potassium diformate, njengesithasiselo esisha sokudla, sibonise amandla amakhulu okusebenzisa kuimboni yezolimo zasemanzinieminyakeni yamuva nje. Imiphumela yayo eyingqayizivele yokulwa namagciwane, ukukhuthaza ukukhula, kanye nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yamanzi yenza kube yindlela engcono kakhulu esikhundleni sama-antibiotic.

1. Imiphumela Yokulwa Namagciwane Nokuvimbela Izifo
Indlela yokulwa namagciwanei-potassium diformatengokuyinhloko kuncike ku-formic acid kanye nama-ion e-formate akhishwa endleleni yokugaya ukudla yesilwane. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi uma i-pH ingaphansi kuka-4.5, i-potassium diformate ingakhipha ama-molecule e-formic acid anemiphumela enamandla yokubulala amagciwane. Lesi sici sibonisa imiphumela ebalulekile yokuvimbela kumabhaktheriya avamile ezilwaneni zasemanzini, njenge-Aeromonas hydrophila kanye ne-Edwardsiella. Isibonelo, ekuhlolweni kokulima ama-shrimp amhlophe asePacific, ukungeza i-potassium formate engu-0.6% ukuze kondliwe amazinga okusinda kwama-shrimp akhuphukile ngo-12%-15% ngenkathi kunciphisa ukwanda kokuvuvukala kwamathumbu cishe ngo-30%. Okuphawulekayo ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kwama-antibacterial kwe-potassium diformate kuncike kumthamo, kodwa ukungezwa ngokweqile kungathinta ukunambitheka. Umthamo onconywayo ngokuvamile usukela ku-0.5% kuya ku-1.2%.

2. Khuthaza ukukhula nokuguqulwa kokudla
I-Potassium diformatekuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokukhula kwezilwane zasemanzini ngezindlela eziningi:
-Nciphisa inani le-pH lomgudu wokugaya ukudla, wenze kusebenze i-pepsinogen, futhi uthuthukise izinga lokugaya amaprotheni (idatha yokuhlola ikhombisa ukuthi ingakhuphuka ngo-8% -10%);
-Vimbela amabhaktheriya ayingozi, khuthaza ukwanda kwamabhaktheriya anenzuzo njengebhaktheriya ye-lactic acid, futhi uthuthukise ibhalansi ye-microbiota yamathumbu;
-Thuthukisa ukumuncwa kwamaminerali, ikakhulukazi ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezifana ne-calcium ne-phosphorus. Ekulimeni i-carp, ukwengeza i-1% ye-potassium diformate kungandisa ukukhushulwa kwesisindo nsuku zonke ngo-6.8% futhi kunciphise ukusebenza kahle kokudla ngo-0.15%. Ukuhlolwa kokufuywa kwezinhlanzi zasemanzini ze-South American white shrimp nakho kubonise ukuthi iqembu lokuhlola libe nokwenyuka kwesisindo ngo-11.3% uma kuqhathaniswa neqembu lokulawula.

3. Umsebenzi wokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yamanzi
Imikhiqizo yokugcina ye-potassium diformate yi-carbon dioxide namanzi, okungahlali endaweni yokufuya izilwane zasemanzini. Umphumela wayo wokulwa namagciwane unganciphisa ukukhishwa kwamagciwane abangela izifo endle, kunciphise ngokungaqondile ukugcwala kwe-ammonia nitrogen (NH ∝ - N) kanye ne-nitrite (NO ₂⁻) emanzini. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kokudla kwe-potassium diformate emachibini okufuya izilwane zasemanzini kunciphisa okuqukethwe yi-nitrogen ephelele emanzini ngo-18% -22% uma kuqhathaniswa neqembu elivamile, okubaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokufuya izilwane zasemanzini ezinobuningi obukhulu.

4. Ukuhlolwa kokuphepha kohlelo lokusebenza
1. Ukuphepha okunobuthi
I-Potassium diformate ibhalwe njengesengezo sokudla "esingenazo izinsalela" yi-European Union (inombolo yokubhalisa ye-EU E236). Ukuhlolwa kobuthi obubukhali kubonise ukuthi i-LD50 yayo enhlanzini ingaphezu kwesisindo somzimba esingu-5000 mg/kg, okuyinto engeyona into enobuthi. Ekuhlolweni kwezinsuku ezingu-90 okungamahlalakhona, ukudla okuphakelwa yi-grass carp okuqukethe i-1.5% potassium diformate (isilinganiso esiphindwe kathathu kunesinconyiwe) ngaphandle kokungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi noma kwezinso noma izinguquko ze-histopathological. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi kunomehluko ekubekezeleni kwezilwane zasemanzini ezahlukene ku-potassium diformate, kanti ama-crustaceans (njenge-shrimp) avame ukuba namazinga aphezulu okubekezela kunezinhlanzi.

2. Izinsalela zenhlangano kanye nezindlela ze-metabolic
Izifundo zokulandelela i-radioisotope zibonise ukuthi i-potassium diformate ingaguqulwa ngokuphelele ezinhlanzini zingakapheli amahora angama-24, futhi akukho zinsalela zeprototype ezingatholakala emisipheni. Inqubo yayo yokuguqula i-metabolism ayikhiqizi izinto ezinobuthi futhi ihlangabezana nezidingo zokuphepha kokudla.

3. Ukuphepha kwemvelo
I-Potassium diformate ingonakala ngokushesha ezindaweni zemvelo ngesigamu sokuphila esingamahora angama-48 (ku-25 ℃). Ukuhlolwa kwengozi yezemvelo kubonisa ukuthi akukho mthelela omkhulu ezitshalweni zasemanzini (njenge-Elodea) kanye ne-plankton ngaphansi kokusetshenziswa okuvamile. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ezindaweni zamanzi athambile (ubulukhuni obuphelele<50 mg/L), umthamo kufanele wehliswe ngokufanele ukuze kugwenywe ukuguquguquka kwe-pH.

4. Isu lokusebenzisa isizini
Kunconywa ukuyisebenzisa ezimweni ezilandelayo:
-Isikhathi sokushisa okuphezulu (izinga lokushisa lamanzi>28 ℃) yisikhathi esiyingozi kakhulu sezifo;
-Uma umthwalo wamanzi uphezulu ezigabeni eziphakathi nezikamuva zokufuywa kwezinhlanzi;
-Ngesikhathi sokucindezeleka njengokudlulisela izithombo emachibini noma ukuzihlukanisa zibe amachibi.

I-Potassium diformate, ngemisebenzi yayo eminingi kanye nokuphepha, ishintsha uhlelo lokuvimbela nokulawula izifo ekufuyweni kwezinhlanzi.

Esikhathini esizayo, kuyadingeka ukuqinisa ukubambisana kocwaningo lweyunivesithi yezimboni, ukuthuthukisa amazinga obuchwepheshe bokusetshenziswa, nokukhuthaza ukusungulwa kwesisombululo senqubo ephelele kusukela ekukhiqizweni kokudla kuya ezindaweni zokugcina izilwane zasemanzini, ukuze lesi sithako esiluhlaza singadlala indima enkulu ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha kwezilwane zasemanzini kanyeukukhangisaukuthuthuka okungashabalali.