Izinhlobo ze-acidifiers:

Ama-acidifier afaka kakhulu ama-single acidifier kanye nama-compound acidifier. Ama-single acidifier ahlukaniswe ngama-organic acid kanye nama-inorganic acid. Njengamanje, ama-inorganic acidifier asetshenziswa kakhulu afaka phakathi i-hydrochloric acid, i-sulfuric acid, kanye ne-phosphoric acid, kanti i-phosphoric acid iyona evame kakhulu. Ama-inorganic acid abonakala ngezindleko zawo eziphansi, i-acid enamandla, kanye nokuthambekela kokuhlukana kalula ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa. Ama-organic acidifier afaka kakhulu i-formic acid, i-propionic acid, i-sorbic acid, i-fumaric acid (i-maleic acid), i-citric acid, i-lactic acid, i-malic acid, i-acetic acid, nezinye. Ama-compound acidifier akhiwa ngokuhlanganisa ama-single acidifier amabili noma ngaphezulu ngezilinganiso ezithile. Lokhu kungadalwa ngokuxuba ama-acid amaningana ndawonye noma ngokuhlanganisa ama-acid nosawoti.

Ama-asidi amancane e-organic kanye nokusebenza kwawo kahle:
Ama-asidi angaphili abonisa i-asidi enamandla kanye nezindleko zokwengeza eziphansi, kodwa angalimaza ukusebenza kwe-mucosal yesisu futhi abangele ngisho nokusha ku-mucosa ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, avimbele ukukhishwa kwe-asidi yesisu kanye nokuthuthukiswa okuvamile komsebenzi wesisu sengulube, kuyilapho ehluleka nokuba nemiphumela endleleni yamathumbu ekude. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ama-asidi amakhulu e-organic njenge-citric acid, i-lactic acid, kanye ne-fumaric acid awasebenzi kahle ekwehliseni i-pH kanye nomthamo wokubopha i-asidi yokudla uma kuqhathaniswa nama-asidi amancane e-organic. Ngakho-ke, ama-asidi amancane e-organic e-molecule asebenza kangcono kunama-asidi angaphili kanye nama-asidi amakhulu e-organic e-molecule. Isibonelo, i-formic acid inesisindo esincane kakhulu sama-molecule phakathi kwama-asidi e-organic (i-formic acid ibonisa i-asidi enamandla kakhulu ngeyunithi ngayinye yesisindo se-asidi e-organic), kodwa ikhombisa ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kwe-bactericidal kanye ne-bacteriostatic. Ama-acidifier anemiphumela ehlukahlukene yokusebenza, kodwa akuwona wonke ama-asidi ngamanye anawo wonke ngasikhathi sinye.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza okuhlukahlukene kwama-asidi e-organic ngamanye kuncike kakhulu kumazinga awo ahlukile okuhlukaniswa. I-asidi ngayinye inokuqina okuqinile kokuhlukaniswa okuvezwa njengenani le-pK (umthamo wokufaka i-buffering), okumele i-pH lapho i-asidi ihlukana khona ngo-50% futhi isetshenziselwa ukunquma ukusebenza kahle kwe-asidi ngaphansi kwezimo ze-pH ezinikeziwe. Umthamo ophezulu wokufaka i-buffering usiza ukuvimbela ukuguquguquka okukhulu kwe-asidi yamathumbu. Isibonelo, uma i-asidi ingahlukani ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ihlukane kancane ku-pH ethile, noma ikhuthaza ukwehla kwe-pH, ingaqhubeka nokuba nemiphumela yokulwa namagciwane. Ukwehla kwe-pH yokudla akugcini nje ngomphumela wokunciphisa amandla okufaka i-buffering kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa ukugaya kwezilwane, njengoba isisu singadingi ukukhipha i-hydrochloric acid eningi ukuze kusebenze ama-protease, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ukugaya amaprotheni okuhle kakhulu. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, indlela yokugaya ezinzile isho i-microbiota yamathumbu elinganiselayo. Ukwehla kwe-pH kudala nezithiyo zokwanda kwamagciwane ayingozi, kufeza ngokungaqondile imiphumela yokulwa namagciwane. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenza kahle kwama-organic acid kuncike kakhulu emandleni awo okuvimba esimweni esingahlukanisiwe, okunquma amathuba okungena ezindongeni zamaseli zama-Gram-negative bacteria (njenge-E. coli ne-Salmonella) bese esebenzisa imiphumela yawo ngaphakathi kwamaseli.

I-Formic acid, njenge-organic acid enesisindo esincane kakhulu sama-molecule, inomthelela omkhulu kakhulu kumagciwane angenayo i-Gram. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokubola kwayo (idla kalula izindawo zokudla nezokudla, imishini yamanzi okuphuza, njll.) kanye nephunga elinamandla, ukungezwa komthamo ophezulu kunganciphisa ukunambitheka kokudla noma kubangele ukulahlekelwa amavithamini, kunciphise kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwayo ngqo ekukhuliseni izilwane. Ama-composite acidifiers aklanyelwe ukunqoba ukushiyeka noma ukuntuleka kwama-single acidifiers ngokuhlanganisa ama-single acid ahlukene nosawoti wawo, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwama-acidifiers. Ama-composite acidifiers azophinde athathe indawo yama-single acidifiers futhi abe yindlela yokuthuthukiswa kwama-acidifiers.

I-Potassium diformate, njengosawoti oyinkimbinkimbi onefomula elula yama-molecule (equkethe i-formic acid kanye ne-potassium formate enesakhiwo esikhethekile), ayigcini nje ngokuzuza imiphumela yokulwa namagciwane kanye nokulwa nesikhunta se-formic acid, kodwa futhi inomphumela wokukhulula kancane kancane ongabhubhisi (uma i-acidifier eyodwa ikhishwa ngokushesha kakhulu, izomuncwa ngokuphelele esiswini futhi ayikwazi ukusebenza emathunjini amancane). Inemiphumela eminingi, okuhlanganisa ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwengulube, ukuthuthukisa indawo yokugaya ukudla kwendle yengane encane, ukulawula ukunambitheka kokudla, ukwandisa ukudla kwezilwane, ukuvimbela ngempumelelo izithako eziyingozi njengesikhunta ekudleni, ukugcina ukudla kusha futhi kusezingeni, kanye nokwandisa isikhathi sokudla. Umphumela we-acidification ungcono kune-composite acidifiers evame ukusetshenziswa.

Izinga lokuthuthuka kokukhuluphala kwansuku zonke lalingu-5.48%, ukudla kwezingulube kwansuku zonke kwanda cishe ngo-1.21%, kanti izinga lokuthuthuka lokuguqulwa kokudla lalicishe libe ngu-3.69%. Ukwengeza i-potassium formate ekudleni kunomphumela ongcono, futhi imingcele engenhla ithuthukisiwe kakhulu futhi. Uma kuqhathaniswa neqembu lokulawula elibi, ukungezwa kwe-potassium formate ekudleni kwandisa ukusebenza okujwayelekile kokukhiqiza kwezingulube ngo-8.7%, kanti ukudla kwansuku zonke kwanda ngo-3.5%. Ngenxa yalokho, ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kokudla kwanda nangamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-4.24%. Ukusebenza kokukhiqiza kwezingulube ezincane kufakwe u-1%.i-potassium diformatekwakufana nokwamachwane engulube anezelwe nge-4% yeprotheyini yeplasma, futhi kwakungcono kunemachwane engulube anezelwe nge-2% ye-citric acid.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yokucindezeleka kwezindleko okubangelwa ukwanda okuqhubekayo kwamanani ezinto zokudla eziluhlaza, amabhizinisi amaningi okuphakelayo nokuzalanisa aseqalile ukukhiqiza ukudla okunephrotheni ephansi kanye nokudla okunesoya okuphansi. Ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-potassium ekudleni kwesoya, okufinyelela ku-1.72%, kuyilapho ezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa ngokuvamile zinokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-potassium, sidinga ukuqaphela isidingo "sokwengeza i-potassium" ngokudla okunephrotheni ephansi kanye nokudla okunesoya okuphansi.

I-Potassium diformateukudla okuneprotheyini ephansi

Ngenxa yesidingo sokuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwamaprotheni nokulungisa ibhalansi ye-electrolyte ekudleni okuphansi kwamaprotheni kanye nokudla okuphansi kwesoya, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-2kg ye-potassium formate
1) I-Potassium diformate ingathuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwamaprotheni futhi igcine ukusebenza okuvamile kokukhiqiza; 2) I-Potassium diformate ayikhulisi okuqukethwe kwama-ion e-sodium nama-ion e-chloride ngenkathi inezela i-potassium, kodwa ikhulisa inani le-dEB futhi igcina ibhalansi ye-electrolyte.

Buyisela ukumelana ukuze ukhuthaze ukukhula

I-Potassium diformate, njenge-ejenti yokukhuthaza ukukhula evunyelwe yi-European Union, inezinzuzo ezibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukwakheka kwamathumbu nokukhuthaza ukusebenza kokukhula kwezilwane. Nakuba ivimbela amabhaktheriya ayingozi, ingakhuthaza ukukhula kwamabhaktheriya anenzuzo ngaphandle kokuthuthukisa ukumelana nemithi, ifinyelele umgomo oyisisekelo wokumelana okunye.
Umphumela wokulwa namagciwane:

I-Potassium diformateilawula indawo ezungezile yamathumbu ngokunciphisa inani le-pH lendlela yokugaya ukudla, futhi umsebenzi wayo oyingqayizivele wokulwa namagciwane usekelwe ekusebenzeni okuhlangene kwe-formic acid kanye nosawoti we-formate. Futhi ikhishwa kancane kancane endleleni yokugaya ukudla, inamandla aphezulu okuvimba. I-85% ye-potassium formate ingadlula esiswini ngesimo sayo esiphelele, ifinyelele ekuhlanzeni nasekuvimbeleni amagciwane ngenkathi ivikela amathumbu.
Ukukhuthaza ukukhula:

I-Potassium inganciphisa impendulo yokucindezeleka kwezilwane ezikhuluphalisa futhi yehlise ukwehla kwesisindo. I-Potassium ingakhuthaza ukwakheka kwamaprotheni ezilwane. I-Lysine iyi-amino acid ebalulekile ekudleni, futhi ukwandisa izinga le-potassium ion ekudleni kungathuthukisa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwe-lysine.
Ubufakazi bokubumba:

I-Potassium diformatefuthi iyisithiyo esihle sesikhunta esingavimbela ngempumelelo ukukhula kwesikhunta sokudla, sigcine ukudla kusha, futhi sandise isikhathi sokudla.