I-Potassium diformate(PDF) usawoti ohlanganisiwe osetshenziswe njengesithako sokudla esingeyona i-antibiotic ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwemfuyo. Kodwa-ke, izifundo ezimbalwa kakhulu zilotshiwe ezinhlotsheni zasemanzini, futhi ukusebenza kwawo kuyaphikisana.

Ucwaningo lwangaphambilini nge-salmon yase-Atlantic lubonise ukuthi ukudla okuqukethe ukudla kwenhlanzi okuphathwe nge-1.4v PDF kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokudla kanye nezinga lokukhula. Imiphumela esekelwe ekukhuleni kwe-hybrid tilapia iphinde yabonisa ukuthi ukwengezwa kwe-PDF engu-0.2% ekudleni kokuhlolwa kwandisa kakhulu ukukhula nokusebenza kahle kokudla, futhi kunciphisa ukutheleleka kwamagciwane.

Ngokuphambene nalokho, ucwaningo lwe-tilapia encane exubile lubonise ukuthi ukungezwa kwe-PDF kumaphesenti angu-1.2 okudla akuzange kubonise ukuthuthuka ekusebenzeni kokukhula, naphezu kokucindezela kakhulu amabhaktheriya amathumbu. Ngokusekelwe kolwazi olulinganiselwe olutholakalayo, ukusebenza kwe-PDF ekusebenzeni kwezinhlanzi kubonakala kushintsha kuye ngezinhlobo, isigaba sokuphila, amazinga okungezwa kwe-PDF, ukwakheka kokuhlolwa kanye nezimo zokukhuliswa.

Umklamo wokuhlola

benze isivivinyo sokukhula e-Oceanic Institute eHawaii, e-USA, ukuze bahlole umthelela we-PDF ekusebenzeni kokukhula kanye nokugayeka kwezinhlanzi ezimhlophe zasePacific ezikhuliswe ohlelweni lwamanzi ahlanzekile. Yaxhaswa yi-US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service kanye nangesivumelwano sokubambisana ne-University of Alaska Fairbanks.

I-Juvenile Pacific white shrimp (izinhlanzi ezimhlophe zasePacific)I-Litopenaeus vannamei) bakhuliswe ohlelweni lwamanzi ahlanzekile olugeleza ngaphakathi olunosawoti ongu-31 ppt kanye nokushisa okungu-25 degrees-C. Banikwa ukudla okuyisithupha kokuhlola okunephrotheni engu-35% kanye namafutha angu-6% aqukethe i-PDF ku-0, 0.3, 0.6, 1.2 noma 1.5%.

Ku-100 g ngayinye, ukudla okuyisisekelo kwaklanywa ukuthi kuqukethe ukudla kwesoya okungu-30.0 amagremu, ukudla kwe-pollock okungu-15.0 amagremu, ukudla kwe-squid okungu-6.0 amagremu, uwoyela we-menhaden ongu-2.0 amagremu, i-soy lecithin engu-2.0 amagremu, ukolweni ophelele ongu-33.8 amagremu, i-chromium oxide engu-1.0 amagremu kanye nezinye izithako ezingu-11.2 amagremu (kufaka phakathi amaminerali namavithamini). Ekudleni ngakunye, amathangi amane angu-52-L agcwele ama-shrimp angu-12/ithangi. Njengoba isisindo somzimba wokuqala esingu-0.84 amagremu, ama-shrimp aphiwa ngesandla izikhathi ezine ngosuku ukuze asuthe amasonto ayisishiyagalombili.

Ekuhlolweni kokugaywa, ama-shrimp angu-120 anesisindo somzimba esingu-9 kuya ku-10 amagremu akhuliswe ethangini ngalinye lama-18, 550-L anamathangi amathathu/ukwelashwa kokudla. I-Chromium oxide yasetshenziswa njengophawu lwangaphakathi lokulinganisa i-coefficient ebonakalayo yokugaywa.

Imiphumela

Inzuzo yesisindo sama-shrimp masonto onke yayisukela kumagremu angu-0.6 kuya kwangu-0.8 futhi yayivame ukwanda ekwelashweni ngokudla kwe-PDF okungu-1.2 kanye no-1.5%, kodwa yayingahlukanga kakhulu (P > 0.05) phakathi kokwelashwa kokudla. Ukusinda kwama-shrimp kwakungamaphesenti angu-97 noma ngaphezulu esivivinyweni sokukhula.

Izilinganiso zokuguqulwa kokudla (ama-FCR) zazifana ekudleni okune-PDF engu-0.3 kanye nengu-0.6%, futhi zombili zaziphansi kune-FCR yokudla kwe-PDF engu-1.2% (P < 0.05) Kodwa-ke, ama-FCR okulawula, ukudla kwe-PDF okungu-1.2 kanye no-1.5% ayefana (P > 0.05).

I-shrimp eyaphakelwa ukudla okungu-1.2% yayinokugayeka okuphansi (P < 0.05) kwezinto ezomile, amaprotheni kanye namandla aphelele kune-shrimp eyaphakelwa okunye ukudla (Isithombe 2). Nokho, ukugayeka kwazo kwamafutha ekudleni akuzange kuthinteke (P > 0.05) ngamazinga e-PDF.

Imibono

Lolu cwaningo lubonise ukuthi ukungezwa kwe-PDF kuze kufike ku-1.5% ekudleni akuzange kuthinte ukukhula nokusinda kwezinhlanzi ezikhuliswe ohlelweni lwamanzi ahlanzekile. Lokhu kubonwa kufana nokutholakele kwangaphambilini nge-hybrid juvenile tilapia, kodwa kuhlukile emiphumeleni etholakale ocwaningweni nge-Atlantic salmon kanye nokukhula kwe-hybrid tilapia.

Imiphumela ye-PDF yokudla ku-FCR kanye nokugaya ukudla iveze ukuncika komthamo kulolu cwaningo. Kungenzeka ukuthi i-FCR ephezulu yokudla kwe-PDF okungu-1.2% kwakubangelwa ukungagayeki kahle kwamaprotheni, izinto ezomile kanye namandla amakhulu ekudleni. Kunolwazi olulinganiselwe kakhulu mayelana nemiphumela ye-PDF ekugayekeni kokudla okunomsoco ezinhlotsheni zasemanzini.

Imiphumela yalolu cwaningo yayihlukile kweyombiko wangaphambilini owathi ukwengezwa kwe-PDF ekudleni kwezinhlanzi ngesikhathi sokugcina ngaphambi kokucubungula ukudla kwandisa ukugayeka kwamaprotheni. Ukusebenza kahle okuhlukile kwe-PDF yokudla okutholakale ezifundweni zamanje nezangaphambilini kungenzeka ukuthi kwakungenxa yezimo ezahlukene, njengokuhlola izinhlobo, uhlelo lokukhulisa ukudla, ukwakheka kokudla noma ezinye izimo zokuhlola. Isizathu esiqondile salokhu kungafani sasingakacaci futhi sidinga uphenyo olwengeziwe.