I-DMPT, INOMBOLO YE-CAS: 4337-33-1. Okuhle kakhuluokukhanga emanzinimanje!

I-DMPTeyaziwa ngokuthi i-dimethyl-β-propiothetin, ikhona kakhulu ezitshalweni zasolwandle kanye nezitshalo eziphakeme ze-halophytic. I-DMPT inomphumela okhuthazayo ekugayweni kokudla okunempilo kwezilwane ezincelisayo, izinkukhu, kanye nezilwane zasemanzini (izinhlanzi kanye nezimfanzi). I-DMPT iyisithako esinomphumela onamandla kakhulu wokuheha ezilwaneni zasemanzini phakathi kwazo zonke izinto ezaziwayo eziqukethe (CH) kanye namaqembu e-S.

1. Umthombo we-DMPT

I-dimethyl sulfide (DMS) ekhiqizwa yi-Polysipho - nia fastigata ivela kakhulu ku-I-DMPT, okuphinde kube ngumnikeli we-methyl osebenzayo ku-algae, kanye nomlawuli oyinhloko we-osmotic we-algae kanye nesitshalo esinodaka i-Spartina angelica nayo iyi-DMPT. Okuqukethwe yi-DMPT kuyahlukahluka phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zolwandle, futhi okuqukethwe kohlobo olufanayo lolwandle kuyahlukahluka ngezikhathi ezahlukene. I-DMPT ingasheshisa kakhulu ukondla nokukhula kwezinhlanzi ezahlukahlukene zamanzi ahlanzekile. Umphumela wokukhuthaza ukondla we-DMPT uhlukile kwezinye izinto ezifana ne-L-amino acid noma ama-nucleotide, futhi inemiphumela yokondla nokukhulisa cishe kuzo zonke izilwane zasemanzini.

2.1 Ama-Ligand Asebenzayo Njengezinto Zokwamukela Ukunambitha

Ucwaningo ngama-receptor ezithweni zezinzwa zamakhemikhali ezinhlanzi ezingasebenzisana namaqembu e-(CH) S-alukakatholakali. Kusukela emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kokuziphatha ekhona, kungahlaziywa ukuthi izinhlanzi zinama-receptor okunambitha angasebenzisana namakhemikhali anesisindo esiphansi sama-molecule aqukethe amaqembu e-(CH), N-, kanye ne-(CH2) 2S.

2.2 Njengomnikeli we-methyl

Amaqembu (CH) kanye nama-S ku-I-DMPTAma-molecule ayimithombo yamaqembu e-methyl adingekayo ukuze kusetshenziswe ukudla okunempilo kwezilwane. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-methyltransferases (EC2.1.1.3 kanye ne-EC2.1.1.5) esibindini sezilwane ezisetshenziswa yizilwane (CH) kanye ne-S.

Kwatholakala ukuthi ukugcwala kwe-DMPT kanye nezinga lokukhishwa kwe-DMS kumaseli olwandle kwanda ngokwanda kosawoti endaweni yokulima yolwandle olukhuliswe (i-Hymenonas carterae).

I-DMPTicebile emaseli ezinhlobo eziningi ze-phytoplankton, i-algae, kanye ne-symbiotic mollusks njenge-clams nama-corals, kanye nasemizimbeni ye-krill kanye nezinhlanzi. U-Iida et al. (1986) baqinisekisile ukuthi okuqukethwe yi-DMPT kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-DMS ezinhlanzini kuhlobene kahle nokuqukethwe kwe-DMPT ekudleni kwabo, okubonisa ukuthi irayisi le-DMPT ezilwaneni livela ekubanjweni futhi lingena emzimbeni wesilwane somuntu ngokusebenzisa uchungechunge lokudla ezindaweni zemvelo zasolwandle. I-algae ingakhiqiza i-DMPT futhi iyiqoqe emazingeni aphezulu (3-5 mmol/L) emzimbeni. I-DMPT ezinhlanzini nasezinhlakeni iseduze namazinga ayo ekudleni, futhi ukuhlushwa kwe-DMPT kubonisa ukuthambekela okwehlayo ngokulandelana kwe-algae (1 mmol/L), i-mollusk (0.1 mmol/L), kanye nezinhlanzi (0.01 mmol/L).

Indlela Yokusebenza Kwezinto EziphilayoI-DMPTIsenzo

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ucwaningo luthole ukuthi i-DMPT inomphumela wokukhuthaza ekuziphatheni kokudla nasekukhuleni kwezinhlanzi ezahlukahlukene zasolwandle nezamanzi ahlanzekile, ama-crustacean, kanye ne-shellfish, okungathuthukisa amakhono azo okulwa nokucindezeleka kanye nokuzivocavoca, futhi kwenezele ama-enzyme abalulekile e-methyl yeqembu lokuhlushwa eliphansi ekudleni. Kusetshenziswa isibindi se-sea bream njengezinto zokuhlola kanye namakhemikhali ahlukahlukene aqukethe (CH) kanye namaqembu e-S njengezinto ezingaphansi, kwatholakala ukuthi i-E C.2.1.1.3 kanye ne-E Umsebenzi we-enzyme uphakeme kakhulu uma i-DMPT isetshenziswa njenge-substrate.

3. Imiphumela yokudla okunempilo ye-DMPT ezilwaneni zasemanzini

Kwasetshenziswa amakhemikhali angamashumi amabili anesisindo esiphansi sama-molecule aqukethe (CH) kanye namaqembu e-S ekuziphatheni kokuluma kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-electrophysiological ezinhlanzini zasemanzini olwandle kanye nasemanzini ahlanzekile. Kwatholakala ukuthi i-DMPT yayinomphumela okhuthaza kakhulu ekuziphatheni kokuluma kwezinhlobo ezintathu zezinhlanzi, okuhlanganisa i-tuna yamanzi ahlanzekile, i-carp, kanye ne-black crucian carp (i-Carassius auratus cuviera). Yaphinde yakhuthaza kakhulu ukuziphatha kokudla kwesilinganiso sangempela samanzi olwandle (i-Pagrus major) kanye nezikali ezinhlanu (i-Seriola quinquera diata).

Hlanganisa i-DMPT kanye nezinye izinto eziqukethe i-sulfur ekugxilweni okungu-1.0mmol/L. ekudleni okuhlukahlukene kokuhlola, bese ushintsha iqembu lokulawula ngamanzi acwengekile ukuze wenze ukuhlolwa kokuphendula kokudla ku-crucian carp. Imiphumela ibonise ukuthi emaqenjini amane okuqala okuhlola, iqembu le-DMPT lalinobungako bemvamisa yokuluma ephakeme engu-126 kuneqembu lokulawula; Ekuhlolweni kwesibili kwamaqembu ama-5, iqembu le-DMPT laliphakeme ngokuphindwe ka-262.6 kuneqembu lokulawula. Ekuhlolweni okuqhathanisayo ne-glutamine, kutholakale ukuthi ekugxilweni okungu-1.0mmol/L.