I-formate ye-potassium, isithasiselo sokudla esingeyona imithi elwa namagciwane esavunywa yi-European Union ngo-2001 futhi savunywa yi-Ministry of Agriculture of China ngo-2005, sesiqoqe uhlelo lokusebenza oluvuthiwe iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10, futhi amaphepha amaningi ocwaningo ngaphakathi nangaphandle abike imiphumela yaso ezigabeni ezahlukene zokukhula kwengulube.

I-Necrotizing enteritis yisifo senkukhu somhlaba wonke esibangelwa amagciwane ane-gram-positive (Clostridium perfringens), esizokwandisa ukufa kwenkukhu futhi sinciphise ukusebenza kokukhula kwezinkukhu ngendlela engaphansi kwe-subclinical. Zombili lezi ziphumo zilimaza inhlalakahle yezilwane futhi zilethe ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwezomnotho ekukhiqizweni kwezinkukhu. Ekukhiqizweni kwangempela, ama-antibiotic avame ukungezwa ekudleni ukuze kuvinjelwe ukwenzeka kwe-necrotizing enteritis. Kodwa-ke, isicelo sokuvinjelwa kwama-antibiotic ekudleni siyanda, futhi kudingeka ezinye izixazululo ukuze kuthathelwe indawo umphumela wokuvimbela wama-antibiotic. Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi ukwengeza ama-organic acid noma usawoti wawo ekudleni kungavimbela okuqukethwe yi-Clostridium perfringens, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe ukwenzeka kwe-necrotizing enteritis. I-Potassium formate ihlukaniswa ibe yi-formic acid kanye ne-potassium formate emathunjini. Ngenxa yesakhiwo se-covalent bond kuya ekushiseni, i-formic acid ethile ingena ngokuphelele emathunjini. Lolu cwaningo lusebenzise inkukhu etheleleke nge-necrotizing enteritis njengemodeli yocwaningo ukuze kuhlolwe imiphumela yei-potassium formatengokusebenza kwayo ekukhuleni, i-intestinal microbiota, kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-short chain fatty acid.

1. Umphumela WeI-Potassium DiformateNgokusebenza Kokukhula Kwezinkukhu Ezinegciwane Le-Necrotizing Enteritis.

Imiphumela yokuhlola ikhombisile ukuthi i-potassium formate ayizange ibe nomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kokukhula kwenkukhu ezifuywayo ezinegciwane noma ezingenalo igciwane le-necrotizing enteritis, okuhambisana nemiphumela yocwaningo lukaHernandez et al. (2006). Kutholakale ukuthi umthamo ofanayo we-calcium formate awunawo umphumela omkhulu ekuzuzeni kwesisindo nsuku zonke kanye nesilinganiso sokudla kwenkukhu ezifuywayo, kodwa lapho ukungezwa kwe-calcium formate kufinyelela ku-15 g/kg, kunciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kokukhula kwenkukhu ezifuywayo (Patten noWaldroup, 1988). Kodwa-ke, uSelle et al. (2004) bathole ukuthi ukwengeza i-6 g/kg ye-potassium formate ekudleni kwandisa kakhulu ukukhuluphala kanye nokudla kwezinkukhu ezifuywayo ngezinsuku ezingu-16-35. Okwamanje kunemibiko embalwa yocwaningo ngendima yama-organic acid ekuvimbeleni ukutheleleka kwe-necrotizing enteritis. Lokhu kuhlola kuthole ukuthi ukwengeza i-4 g/kg ye-potassium formate ekudleni kunciphisa kakhulu izinga lokufa kwenkukhu ezifuywayo, kodwa bekungekho ubudlelwano bomthamo nomphumela phakathi kokunciphisa izinga lokufa kanye nenani le-potassium formate engeziwe.

2. Umphumela weI-Potassium Diformatemayelana nokuqukethwe kwamagciwane ezicutshini nasezithweni zezinkukhu ezinesifo se-Necrotizing Enteritis

Ukwengezwa kwe-bacitracin zinc engu-45mg/kg ekudleni kunciphisa ukufa kwenkukhu ezinesifo se-necrotizing enteritis, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kunciphisa okuqukethwe kwe-Clostridium perfringens ku-jejunum, okuhambisana nemiphumela yocwaningo lukaKocher et al. (2004). Akukho mphumela obalulekile wokwengezwa kwe-potassium diformate ekudleni kokuqukethwe kwe-Clostridium perfringens ku-jejunum yenkukhu ezinesifo se-necrotizing enteritis izinsuku ezingu-15. UWalsh et al. (2004) bathole ukuthi ukudla okune-acidity ephezulu kunomphumela omubi kuma-acid e-organic, ngakho-ke, i-acidity ephezulu yokudla okune-protein ephezulu inganciphisa umphumela wokuvimbela we-potassium formate ku-necrotizing enteritis. Lokhu kuhlola kuphinde kwathola ukuthi i-potassium formate yandisa okuqukethwe kwe-lactobacilli esiswini semisipha yezinkukhu ze-broiler ezingama-35d, okungahambisani nokuthola kukaKnarreborg et al. (2002) in vitro ukuthi i-potassium formate inciphisa ukukhula kwe-lactobacilli esiswini sengulube.

3.Umphumela we-potassium 3-dimethylformate ku-pH yezicubu kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-fatty acid ye-short chain ezinkukhu ze-broiler ezitheleleke nge-necrotizing enteritis

Umphumela wokulwa namagciwane wama-organic acid kukholakala ukuthi uvela kakhulu engxenyeni engenhla yomgudu wokugaya ukudla. Imiphumela yalolu cwaningo ikhombisile ukuthi i-potassium dicarboxylate yandisa okuqukethwe kwe-formic acid ku-duodenum ezinsukwini eziyi-15 kanye ne-jejunum ezinsukwini ezingama-35. UMroz (2005) uthole ukuthi kunezici eziningi ezithinta isenzo sama-organic acid, njenge-feed pH, i-buffering/acidity, kanye nebhalansi ye-electrolyte yokudla. I-acidity ephansi kanye namanani aphezulu ebhalansi ye-electrolyte ekudleni kungakhuthaza ukuhlukaniswa kwe-potassium formate ibe yi-formic acid kanye ne-potassium formate. Ngakho-ke, izinga elifanele lamanani ebhalansi ye-acidity kanye ne-electrolyte ekudleni lingathuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kokukhula kwama-broiler yi-potassium formate kanye nomphumela wayo wokuvimbela ekungeneni kwe-necrotizing.

Isiphetho

Imiphumela yei-potassium formateKumodeli ye-necrotizing enteritis ezinkukhu ze-broiler kubonise ukuthi i-potassium formate inganciphisa ukwehla kokusebenza kokukhula kwezinkukhu ze-broiler ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile ngokwandisa isisindo somzimba nokunciphisa ukufa, futhi ingasetshenziswa njengesithasiselo sokudla ukulawula ukutheleleka kwe-necrotizing enteritis ezinkukhu ze-broiler.