Imboni yokudla kwezilwane ibilokhu ithintwa "ubhubhane oluphindwe kabili" lwe-African swine fever kanye ne-COVID-19, futhi ibhekene nenselele "ephindwe kabili" yokwenyuka kwentengo okuphindaphindwayo kanye nokuvinjelwa okuphelele. Nakuba indlela engaphambili igcwele ubunzima, imboni yezilwane nayo ikhuthaza ngenkuthalo ukuguqulwa kwayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwayo futhi ikhuthaza ngokubambisana intuthuko yemboni. Leli phepha lixoxa kakhulu ngendlela yokuthuthukisa umsebenzi wama-enzyme okugaya ukudla emathunjini enkukhu, ukukhuthaza intuthuko yamathumbu kanye nokuthuthukisa isakhiwo sezitshalo zamathumbu.

Umgudu wamathumbu uyisitho esibalulekile sezinkukhu ukuze zigaye futhi zimunce izakhamzimba. Ukugaya kwamathumbu kwenziwa kakhulu ngokusebenzisa ukusabela kwe-enzyme (i-exopeptidase, i-oligosaccharide enzyme, i-lipase, njll.); Izakhamzimba ezincane zama-molecule ezikhiqizwa ukusabela kwe-enzyme zidlula ungqimba lwe-epithelial yamathumbu futhi zimuncwa amaseli amathumbu.

Amathumbu futhi ayisithiyo semvelo sokuvikela izinkukhu kuma-antigen okudla, ama-microorganism abangela izifo kanye nama-metabolites awo ayingozi, futhi alondoloze ukuzinza kwendawo yangaphakathi. Isithintelo samathumbu siqukethe isithintelo somshini, isithintelo samakhemikhali, isithintelo samagciwane kanye nesithintelo sokuzivikela ukuze kuvikelwe ndawonye ekuhlaselweni kwezinto zangaphandle ze-antigen. Isithintelo somshini (isithintelo somzimba) sibhekisela kumaseli aphelele e-epithelial amathumbu axhumene eduze; Isithintelo samakhemikhali sakhiwe yi-mucus, ujusi wokugaya ukudla okhishwa amaseli e-epithelial abangela izifo kanye nezinto ezilwa namagciwane ezikhiqizwa ama-bacteria abangela izifo emathunjini, angavimbela noma abulale ama-microorganism abangela izifo; Isithintelo sebhayoloji sakhiwe ukumelana nokwakheka kwezitshalo zamathumbu ezihlala kuma-bacteria abangela izifo kanye nokuqongelela phakathi kwama-bacteria; Isithintelo sokuzivikela komzimba siyisitho esikhulu kunazo zonke se-lymphoid kanye nezicubu ezibalulekile ze-lymphoid ezihlobene ne-mucosa. Ngakho-ke, ukuzalanisa kuwukuphakamisa indlela yamathumbu, futhi ukuqinisekisa impilo yamathumbu kuyisihluthulelo sokuzalana okunempilo ngaphandle kokumelana.

I-asidi inemiphumela ye-acidification kanye ne-bacteriostasis, futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ekuzaleni izinkukhu ezinempilo. Ama-asidi avamile e-organic afaka ama-asidi e-carboxylic alula (i-formic acid, i-acetic acid, i-propionic acid kanye ne-butyric acid), ama-asidi e-carboxylic aqukethe amaqembu e-hydroxyl (i-lactic acid, i-malic acid, i-tartaric acid kanye ne-citric acid), ama-asidi e-carboxylic achungechunge olufushane aqukethe ama-double bond (i-fumaric acid kanye ne-sorbic acid) kanye nama-asidi angaphili (i-phosphoric acid) (sh Khan no-j Iqbal, 2016). Amandla e-acidification kanye ne-bacteriostatic ama-asidi ahlukahlukene ahlukile, isibonelo, i-formic acid inekhono le-bacteriostatic elinamandla kakhulu; Phakathi kwama-asidi ngesisindo seyunithi, i-formic acid inamandla amakhulu okuhlinzeka nge-hydrogen; i-Propionic acid kanye ne-formic acid zinomphumela onamandla wokulwa nokubola. Ngakho-ke, lapho kukhethwa i-asidi, kufanele ilinganiswe ngokwesayensi ngokwezakhiwo ze-asidi. Ucwaningo oluningi luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukufaka amalungiselelo e-asidi ekudleni kungathuthukisa futhi kukhuthaze ukukhula kwamathumbu, kuthuthukise umsebenzi wama-enzyme okugaya amathumbu, kuthuthukise isakhiwo sezitshalo zamathumbu, futhi kusize ekuzaleni okunempilo ngaphandle kokudla okulwa neJapane.

Ekuphetheni, ukulungiswa kwe-asidi kunenani elibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni impilo yamathumbu enkukhu. Lapho kufakwa futhi kukhethwa i-asidi, kufanele kuqashelwe ukwakheka, isilinganiso, okuqukethwe kanye nenqubo yokulungiswa kwe-asidi ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha, ukuzinza kanye nenani lemikhiqizo.