Ama-surfactant e-Bipolar angama-surfactant anamaqembu e-anionic kanye ne-cationic hydrophilic.

Ngokuvamile, ama-surfactants e-amphoteric ayizinhlanganisela ezinamaqembu amabili e-hydrophilic ngaphakathi kwe-molecule efanayo, kufaka phakathi amaqembu e-anionic, cationic, kanye ne-nonionic hydrophilic. Ama-surfactants e-amphoteric asetshenziswa kakhulu amaqembu e-hydrophilic anama-ammonium noma ama-quaternary ammonium salts engxenyeni ye-cationic kanye nezinhlobo ze-carboxylate, sulfonate, kanye ne-phosphate engxenyeni ye-anionic. Isibonelo, ama-surfactants e-amino acid amphoteric anamaqembu e-amino kanye nezingxenye ku-molecule efanayo angama-surfactants e-betaine amphoteric enziwe ngosawoti wangaphakathi oqukethe amaqembu e-quaternary ammonium kanye ne-carboxyl, anezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene.

Ukubonakaliswa kwama-surfactants amphiphilic kuyahlukahluka ngokuya ngenani le-pH lesisombululo sawo.

Ukubonisa izakhiwo zama-surfactants e-cationic ku-acidic media; Ukubonisa izakhiwo zama-surfactants e-anionic ku-alkaline media; Ukubonisa izakhiwo zama-surfactants angewona ama-ionic ku-neutral media. Indawo lapho izakhiwo ze-cationic ne-anionic zilinganiswe kahle khona ibizwa ngokuthi iphuzu le-isoelectric.

Endaweni ye-isoelectric, ama-surfactant e-amphoteric ohlobo lwe-amino acid ngezinye izikhathi ayashesha, kuyilapho ama-surfactant ohlobo lwe-betaine engasheshi kalula ngisho nasendaweni ye-isoelectric.

Uhlobo lwe-BetaineAma-surfactant ekuqaleni ahlukaniswa njenge-quaternary ammonium salt compounds, kodwa ngokungafani nosawoti we-quaternary ammonium, awanama-anion.
I-Betaine igcina ukushaja kwayo kwe-molecular positive kanye nezakhiwo ze-cationic kuma-acidic kanye nama-alkaline media. Lolu hlobo lwe-surfactant alukwazi ukuthola ukushaja okuhle noma okubi. Ngokusekelwe enanini le-pH lesisombululo samanzi salolu hlobo lwe-compound, kunengqondo ukuyihlukanisa njenge-surfactant ye-amphoteric ngokungalungile.

Ngokwale mpikiswano, ama-compounds ohlobo lwe-betaine kufanele ahlukaniswe njengama-surfactants e-cationic. Naphezu kwalezi zimpikiswano, abasebenzisi abaningi be-compound ye-betaine bayaqhubeka nokuwahlukanisa njengama-compounds e-amphoteric. Ebangeni le-heteroelectricity, kukhona isakhiwo se-biphasic emsebenzini wobuso: R-N+(CH3) 2-CH2-COO -.

Isibonelo esivame kakhulu sama-surfactants ohlobo lwe-betaine yi-alkyli-betaine, futhi umkhiqizo wayo omele yi-N-dodecyl-N, i-N-dimethyl-N-carboxyl betaine [BS-12, Cl2H25-N+(CH3) 2-CH2COO -]. I-Betaine enamaqembu e-amide [Cl2H25 esakhiweni ithathelwa indawo yi-R-CONH - (CH2) 3-] isebenza kangcono.

Ukuqina kwamanzi akuthintii-betainei-surfactant. Ikhiqiza igwebu elihle kanye nokuqina okuhle emanzini athambile naqinile. Ngaphezu kokuhlanganiswa nama-anionic compounds ngamanani aphansi e-pH, ingasetshenziswa futhi ngokuhlanganiswa nama-anionic surfactants kanye nama-cationic surfactants. Ngokuhlanganisa i-betaine nama-anionic surfactants, i-viscosity ekahle ingafinyelelwa.