I-Betaine, eyaziwa nangokuthi usawoti wangaphakathi we-glycine trimethyl, iyinhlanganisela yemvelo engenabungozi futhi engenabungozi, i-quaternary amine alkaloid. Iyi-prismatic emhlophe noma ikristalu efana neqabunga enefomula yama-molecule C5H12NO2, isisindo sama-molecule esingu-118 kanye nephuzu lokuncibilika elingu-293 ℃. Inambitheka kamnandi futhi iyisengezo sokudla esisha esingavimbeli ukuzala.

Kutholakale ukuthi i-betaine ingandisa inani kanye nesisindo sezingulube ezincane ezilunyulwe ezinsukwini ezingu-21, ifinyeze isikhathi sokukhulelwa zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-7 ngemva kokulunyulwa futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kokuzala; Ingakhuthaza futhi ukuvuthwa kwe-oocyte yengulube kanye nokuvuthwa kwe-oocyte; Njengomnikeli we-methyl, i-betaine ingakhuthaza ukwakheka kwamaprotheni futhi inciphise izinga le-homocysteine ​​​​ku-serum yengulube, ukuze ikhuthaze ukukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwe-embryo futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kokuzala kwengulube.

Imiphumela emibili ye-betaine ingathuthukisa ukukhiqizwaukusebenza kwezilwanekuzo zonke izigaba zokukhulelwa, ukukhulelwa, ukuncelisa kanye nokukhuluphala. Ngesikhathi sokulunyulwa, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kwamachwane okubangelwa ukucindezeleka ngokomzimba kuyinselele ebalulekile kubakhiqizi bezingulube. Njengomlawuli we-osmotic, i-betaine yemvelo ingathuthukisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi kanye nokumuncwa futhi inciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngokugcina ibhalansi yamanzi nama-ion kumaseli. Ihlobo elishisayo lizoholela ekwehleni kwamandla okuzala kwamachwane. Njengomlawuli we-osmotic, i-betaine ingakhuphula ngempumelelo ukuphakelwa kwamandla kwamachwane futhi ithuthukise amandla okuzala kwamachwane. Ukwengeza i-betaine yemvelo ekudleni kungathuthukisa ukucindezeleka kwamathumbu ezilwane, kuyilapho izici ezimbi njengokucindezeleka kokushisa kuzoholela ekuqineni kwamathumbu okungekuhle. Lapho izinga lokushisa elizungezile likhuphuka, igazi lizogeleza ngokukhethekile esikhumbeni ukuze kuqedwe ukushisa. Lokhu kuphumela ekunciphiseni ukugeleza kwegazi endleleni yokugaya ukudla, okuthinta ukugaya ukudla futhi kunciphise ukugayeka kwezakhamzimba.

 

Umnikelo we-betaine ku-methylation ungathuthukisa kakhulu inani lomkhiqizo wezilwane. Ukwengezwa kwe-betaine ekudleni kwezingulube kunganciphisa ukulahlekelwa ukukhulelwa, kuthuthukise ukusebenza kokuzala kwezingulube futhi kwandise usayizi wezingulube zokulingana okulandelayo. I-Betaine ingaphinde yonge amandla ezingulubeni zabo bonke ubudala, ukuze amandla engeziwe okusebenza kwe-metabolic angasetshenziswa ukwandisa inyama engenamafutha esidumbu futhi kuthuthukiswe amandla ezilwane. Lo mphumela ubalulekile ngesikhathi sokulunyulwa kwezingulube ezincane ezidinga amandla engeziwe ukuze zigcinwe.