I-Potassium diformate, ngomshini wayo oyingqayizivele we-antibacterial kanye nemisebenzi yokulawula i-physiological, ivela njengenye indlela efanelekile yemithi elwa namagciwane ekufuyweni kwezimfanzi. Nguukuvimbela amagciwane, ukuthuthukisa impilo yamathumbu, ukulawula izinga lamanzi, futhiukuqinisa amasosha omzimba, ikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwe-aquaculture eluhlaza nenempilo.

I-Potassium diformate, njengesengezo sikasawoti se-organic acid esinoveli, sibonise amathuba abanzi okusebenza embonini ye-aquaculture eminyakeni yamuva, ikakhulukazi ekulimeni kwezimfanzi lapho kukhombisa imiphumela eminingi. Le nhlanganisela, eyakhiwe nge-formic acid ne-potassium ions, ivela njengenye indlela efanelekile yama-antibiotic ngenxa yendlela yayo eyingqayizivele yokulwa namagciwane kanye nemisebenzi yokulawula umzimba. Inani layo eliyisisekelo ekulimeni kwezimfanzi libonakala ngokuyinhloko ngezigaba ezine: ukuvinjelwa kwe-pathogen, ukuthuthukiswa kwempilo yamathumbu, ukulawulwa kwezinga lamanzi, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokuzivikela komzimba. Le misebenzi iyasebenzisana ukuze yakhe isisekelo sobuchwepheshe esibalulekile se-aquaculture enempilo.

Ngokuphathelene nokushintshwa kwama-antibiotic, indlela yokulwa namagciwane ye-potassium diformate inezinzuzo ezibalulekile. Lapho i-potassium diformate ingena emgudwini wokugaya we-shrimp, ihlukanisa futhi ikhiphe ama-molecule e-formic acid endaweni ene-acidic. Lawa ma-molecule e-formic acid angangena kulwelwesi lwamaseli ebhaktheriya futhi ahlukanise ama-ion e-hydrogen futhi akhe ama-ion endaweni ye-alkaline cytoplasmic, okubangela ukwehla kwenani le-pH ngaphakathi kwamaseli ebhaktheriya futhi aphazamise imisebenzi yawo evamile ye-metabolic.

Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi i-potassium diformate inomphumela obalulekile ovimbela amagciwane ajwayelekile ezimfanzi ze-pathogenic afana ne-Vibrio parahaemolyticus, i-Vibrio harveyi, ne-Escherichia coli, ene-inhibitory concentration (MIC) engu-0.5% -1.5%. Uma kuqhathaniswa nemithi elwa namagciwane, le ndlela engokomzimba yokulwa namagciwane ayibangeli ukumelana namagciwane futhi ayikho ingozi yezinsalela zomuthi.

Ukulawulwa kwempilo yamathumbu kungomunye umsebenzi oyinhloko we-potassium diformate. Ukukhululwa kwe-formic acid akuvimbeli kuphela amabhaktheriya ayingozi, kodwa futhi kudala i-microenvironment evumayo yokwanda kwama-probiotics afana ne-lactic acid bacteria kanye ne-bifidobacteria. Ukwenziwa kahle kwalesi sakhiwo somphakathi we-microbial kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukugayeka kokudla kanye nokumuncwa kahle kwamathumbu.

I-Potassium diformateikhombisa imiphumela engaqondile eyingqayizivele ekulawuleni izinga lamanzi. Ekufuyweni kwasemanzini kwendabuko, cishe u-20% -30% we-nitrogen yokudla ayimuncwa ngokuphelele futhi ikhishelwa emanzini, okuba umthombo omkhulu we-ammonia nitrogen ne-nitrite. Ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuphakelayo, i-potassium diformate inciphisa ngempumelelo ukuchithwa kwe-nitrogen.

Idatha yokuhlola ibonisa ukuthi ukungeza u-0.5%i-potassium diformateinganciphisa okuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen endle yezimfanzi ngo-18% -22% kanye ne-phosphorus ngo-15% -20%. Lo mphumela wokunciphisa ukungcola ubaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni ze-aquaculture yomjikelezo wamanzi (i-RAS), engalawula ukugcwala okuphezulu kwe-nitrite emanzini angaphansi kuka-0.1mg/L, ngaphansi kakhulu komkhawulo wokuphepha wezimfanzi (0.5mg/L). Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-potassium diformate ngokwayo iyancipha kancane kancane ibe yi-carbon dioxide namanzi emanzini, ngaphandle kokubangela ukungcola okwesibili, okwenza kube isithasiselo esinobungani bemvelo.

Umphumela wokuqinisa amasosha omzimba ungomunye ukubonakaliswa kwenani lokusetshenziswa kwe-potassium diformate. Amathumbu anempilo akuwona nje kuphela isitho sokumunca izakhi, kodwa futhi iyisithiyo sokuzivikela esibalulekile. I-Potassium diformate inciphisa impendulo yokuvuvukala kwesistimu ngokulawula ibhalansi ye-gut microbiota futhi inciphise ukugqugquzelwa kwamabhaktheriya e-pathogenic ku-epithelium yamathumbu. Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi ukwengeza i-potassium diformate kubantu bezimfanzi kwandisa inani lama-lymphocyte egazi ngo-30% -40%, futhi kuthuthukisa kakhulu umsebenzi wama-enzyme ahlobene nokuzivikela komzimba njenge-phenoloxidase (PO) ne-superoxide dismutase (SOD).

Ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-potassium diformate kudinga isilinganiso sesayensi. Inani elinconyiwe lokwengeza ngu-0.4% -1.2% wesisindo sokudla, kuye ngesigaba sokuzala kanye nezimo zekhwalithi yamanzi.
Kunconywa ukusebenzisa umthamo we-0.6% -0.8% phakathi nesigaba sezithombo (PL10-PL30) ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwamathumbu;

Isikhathi sokulima singancishiswa sibe ngu-0.4% -0.6%, ikakhulukazi ukuze kugcinwe ukulingana komphakathi wezinambuzane.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi i-potassium formate kufanele ixutshwe kahle nokudla (kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise inqubo yokuxuba yezigaba ezintathu), futhi ukuchayeka isikhathi eside emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kanye nezindawo ezinomswakama ophezulu kufanele kugwenywe ngaphambi kokuphakela ukuvimbela ukuhlangana futhi kuthinte ukunambitheka.

Ukusebenzisa inhlanganisela nama-asidi emvelo (njenge-citric acid) nama-probiotics (njenge-Bacillus subtilis) kungaveza imiphumela ye-synergistic, kodwa kufanele kuqashelwe ukuze kugwenywe ukuhambisana nezinto ezine-alkaline (njengesoda yokubhaka).

Ngokombono wokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni, ukusetshenziswa kwei-potassium diformateihambisana nenkambiso ejwayelekile yoguquko oluluhlaza kwezasemanzini.