Igama:γ- i-aminobutyric acid(I-1965)GI-ABA）

Inombolo ye-CAS: 56-12-2

Amagama afanayo: 4-Ai-minobutyric acid; i-ammonia butyric acid;I-asidi ye-pipecolic.

1. Ithonya le-GABA ekudleni kwezilwane kudingeka lihlale linjalo esikhathini esithile. Ukudla okudliwayo kuhlobene kakhulu nokusebenza kokukhiqiza kwezilwane nezinkukhu. Njengomsebenzi wokuziphatha oyinkimbinkimbi, ukudla kulawulwa kakhulu uhlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi. Isikhungo sokusutha (i-ventromedial nucleus ye-hypothalamus) kanye nesikhungo sokudla (indawo ye-lateral hypothalamus) yizona ezilawula izilwane.

Isikhungo esiyisisekelo sokudla i-GABA singakhuthaza ukudla kwezilwane ngokuvimbela umsebenzi wesikhungo sokusutha, sithuthukise ikhono lokudla kwezilwane. Izifundo eziningi zikhombisile ukuthi ukufaka uhla oluthile lomthamo we-GABA ezindaweni ezahlukene zobuchopho bezilwane kungakhuthaza kakhulu ukudla kwezilwane futhi kube nomphumela oncike kumthamo. Ukwengeza i-GABA ekudleni okuyisisekelo kwezingulube ezikhuluphalisayo kungakhulisa kakhulu ukudla kwengulube, kwandise ukukhuluphala, futhi kunganciphisi ukusetshenziswa kwamaprotheni okudla.

2. Umphumela we-GABA ekugayweni kwesisu kanye nohlelo lwe-Endocrine Njenge-neurotransmitter noma i-modulator, i-GABA idlala indima ebanzi ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluzimele lwezilwane ezinomgogodla.

3. Umphumela we-GABA ekunyakazeni kwesisu. I-GABA ikhona kakhulu endleleni yokugaya ukudla, kanti imicu yemizwa ye-GABA immunoreactive noma amaseli emizwa amahle akhona ohlelweni lwezinzwa kanye nolwelwesi lwendlela yokugaya ukudla yezilwane ezincelisayo, amaseli e-endocrine e-GABA nawo asatshalaliswa ku-epithelium ye-mucosa yesisu. I-GABA inomphumela wokulawula kumaseli emisipha ebushelelezi yesisu, amaseli e-endocrine kanye namaseli angewona e-endocrine. I-GABA yangaphandle inomphumela omkhulu wokuvimbela ezingxenyeni zamathumbu ezihlukanisiwe zamagundane, okubonakaliswa ekunciphiseni ukuphumula kanye nokufinyela kwe-amplitude yezingxenye zamathumbu ezihlukanisiwe. Le ndlela yokuvimbela i-GABA kungenzeka ukuthi ibangelwa ukuvimbela izinhlelo ze-cholinergic kanye/noma ezingezona ze-cholinergic zamathumbu, ezisebenza ngaphandle kohlelo lwe-adrenergic; Ingase futhi ibophe ngokuzimela ku-GABA receptor ehambisanayo kumaseli emisipha ebushelelezi yamathumbu.

4. I-GABA ilawula ukusebenza kwe-metabolism yezilwane. I-GABA ingaba nemiphumela ehlukahlukene ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla njenge-hormone yendawo, njengakuma-gland athile nama-hormone e-endocrine. Ngaphansi kwezimo ze-in vitro, i-GABA ingakhuthaza ukukhishwa kwe-hormone yokukhula ngokusebenzisa i-GABA receptor esiswini. I-hormone yokukhula kwezilwane ingakhuthaza ukwenziwa kwama-peptide athile esibindini (njenge-IGF-1), yandise izinga lokuguqulwa kwe-metabolic kwamaseli emisipha, yandise izinga lokukhula kanye nezinga lokuguqulwa kokudla kwezilwane, Ngesikhathi esifanayo, yashintsha nokusatshalaliswa kwezakhamzimba zokudla emzimbeni wesilwane; Kungacatshangwa ukuthi umphumela wokukhulisa ukukhula we-GABA ungahlobene nokulawulwa kwayo komsebenzi we-hormone yokukhula ngokuthinta umsebenzi wohlelo lwe-Endocrine lwezinzwa.