I-Tributyrin (TB)futhiI-Monolaurin (GML), njengezithasiselo zokudla ezisebenzayo, zinemiphumela eminingi yomzimba ekulimeni kwezinkukhu ezilandelanayo, zithuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda, ikhwalithi yamaqanda, impilo yamathumbu, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamafutha emzimbeni. Nazi imisebenzi yazo eyinhloko kanye nezindlela:

1. Thuthukisa ukusebenza kokukhiqiza amaqanda
I-Glycerol Monolaurate(GML)

Ukwengeza i-0.15-0.45g/kg GML ekudleni kwezinkukhu ezizalelayo kungakhuphula kakhulu izinga lokukhiqiza amaqanda, kunciphise izinga lokuguqulwa kokudla, futhi kwandise isisindo samaqanda esimaphakathi.
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi i-300-450mg/kg GML ingathuthukisa izinga lokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda ezinkukhu ezizalelayo futhi inciphise izinga lamaqanda anezinkinga.

I-Tributyrin (TB) 

Ekuhlolweni kwezinkukhu ze-broiler, i-500mg/kg TB ingalibazisa ukwehla kwezinga lokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda esigabeni sokugcina sokubeka amaqanda, ithuthukise amandla egobolondo lamaqanda, futhi inciphise izinga lokuchamisela.
Kuhlanganiswe neI-GML(njengefomula enelungelo lobunikazi) ingandisa isikhathi sokukhiqiza amaqanda esiphezulu futhi ithuthukise izinzuzo zomnotho.

2. Thuthukisa ikhwalithi yamaqanda

Umsebenzi we-GML
Khulisa ukuphakama kwamaprotheni, amayunithi e-Haff (HU), futhi uthuthukise umbala womthubi.
Lungisa ukwakheka kwe-fatty acid yeqanda, wandise ama-polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) kanye nama-monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), futhi wehlise okuqukethwe kwama-saturated fatty acids (SFA).

Ngomthamo ongu-300mg/kg, i-GML yandise kakhulu ubulukhuni begobolondo leqanda kanye nokuqukethwe kwamaprotheni amhlophe eqanda.

Umsebenzi weTB

Khulisa amandla amagobolondo amaqanda futhi wehlise izinga lokuphuka kwegobolondo (njengokunciphisa ngo-58.62-75.86% ekuhlolweni).

Khuthaza ukuvezwa kwezakhi zofuzo ezihlobene nokufakwa kwe-calcium esibelethweni (njenge-CAPB-D28K, OC17) futhi uthuthukise i-calcification yegobolondo leqanda.

3. Ukulawula ukusebenza kwe-lipid kanye nomsebenzi we-antioxidant
Umsebenzi we-GML
Yehlisa i-serum triglycerides (TG), i-cholesterol ephelele (TC), kanye ne-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), futhi wehlise ukubekwa kwamafutha esiswini.
Thuthukisa umsebenzi we-serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) kanye ne-glutathione peroxidase (GSH Px), wehlise okuqukethwe yi-malondialdehyde (MDA), futhi uthuthukise amandla e-antioxidant.
Umsebenzi weTB
Yehlisa okuqukethwe kwe-triglyceride yesibindi (10.2-34.23%) bese ukhulisa izakhi zofuzo ezihlobene nokubola kwamafutha (njenge-CPT1).
Yehlisa amazinga e-serum alkaline phosphatase (AKP) kanye ne-MDA, futhi wandise umthamo we-total antioxidant (T-AOC).

4. Thuthukisa impilo yamathumbu
Umsebenzi we-GML
Khulisa ubude be-villus kanye nesilinganiso se-villus kuya ku-villus (V/C) se-jejunum ukuze uthuthukise ukuma kwamathumbu.
Nciphisa izici ezibangela ukuvuvukala (njenge-IL-1 β, i-TNF-α), khulisa izici ezilwa nokuvuvukala (njenge-IL-4, i-IL-10), futhi uthuthukise ukusebenza kwesithiyo samathumbu.
Lungiselela ukwakheka kwe-cecal microbiota, wehlise inani le-Proteobacteria, futhi ukhuthaze ukukhula kwamagciwane anenzuzo njenge-Spirogyraceae.
Umsebenzi we-TB
Lungisa inani le-pH yamathumbu, ukhuthaze ukwanda kwamagciwane anenzuzo (njenge-lactobacilli), futhi uvimbele amagciwane ayingozi.
Ukwanda kweprotheyini ye-tight junction (njenge-Occludin, i-CLDN4) ukubonakaliswa kwezakhi zofuzo kuthuthukisa ubuqotho bezithiyo zamathumbu.

5. Umphumela wokulawula amasosha omzimba
Umsebenzi we-GML
Thuthukisa inkomba ye-spleen kanye ne-thymus index, thuthukisa ukusebenza komzimba.
Nciphisa izimpawu zokuvuvukala egazini njenge-aspartate aminotransferase (AST) kanye ne-alanine aminotransferase (ALT).
Umsebenzi we-TB
Nciphisa impendulo yokuvuvukala kwamathumbu ngokulawula indlela ye-Toll-like receptor (TLR2/4).

6. Umphumela wokusetshenziswa okuhlangene
Ucwaningo lwelungelo lobunikazi lukhombisile ukuthi inhlanganisela ye-GML kanye ne-TB (njenge-20-40 TB+15-30 GML) ingathuthukisa ngokuhambisana izinga lokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda ezinkukhu ezizalelayo (92.56% vs. 89.5%), inciphise ukuvuvukala kwamashubhu, futhi yandise isikhathi sokukhiqiza amaqanda esiphezulu.

Isifinyezo:

I-Glycerol Monolaurate (GML)futhiI-Tributyrin (TB)kunemiphumela ehambisanayo ekulimeni izinkukhu:

I-GMLigxile kuukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yamaqanda, ukulawula ukusebenza kwe-lipid, kanye nomsebenzi we-antioxidant;
TBigxile kuukuthuthukisa impilo yamathumbu kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-calcium emzimbeni;
Inhlanganisela ikanizisebenzisa imiphumela yokusebenzisana, zithuthukisa ngokuphelele ukusebenza kokukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi yamaqanda.